Rhinitis

Question 1

What is Allergic Rhinitis?

Answer 1

Inflammatory disorder of the nose where the nose is sensitised to allergens.

Question 2

Pathophysiology of Allergic Rhinitis.

Answer 2

IgE-Mediated.

Question 3

Clinical Features of Allergic Rhinitis (5).

Answer 3

1. Sneezing.
2. Bilateral Nasal Obstruction.
3. Clear Nasal Discharge.
4. Post-Nasal Drip.
5. Nasal Pruritus.

Question 4

Management of Allergic Rhinitis.

Answer 4

1. Allergen Avoidance.
2. 1st Line = Oral/Intranasal Antihistamines.
3. 2nd Line = Intranasal Corticosteroids.
4. Short Course of Topical Nasal Decongestants e.g. Oxymetazoline.

Question 5

Important Considerations of Topical Nasal Decongestants (2).

Answer 5

Don’t use for prolonged periods :

1. Increasing doses required to achieve same effect (tachyphylaxis).
2. Rebound Hypertrophy of Nasal Mucosa - Rhinitis Medicamentosa - occurs upon withdrawal.