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BI158L > Vertebrates > Flashcards

Vertebrates Flashcards

1
Q

What are the four types of primary tissues?

A

epithelial

connective

muscle

nervous

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2
Q

What are organs made up of?

A

2 or more types of tissues working together for a specific tissue

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3
Q

What are the 11 organ systems?

A

integumentary

skeletal

muscular

nervous

endocrine

cardiovascular

lymphatic

respiratory

digestive

urinary

reproductive

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4
Q

integumentary system role

A

separates and protects internal organs from the environment

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5
Q

skeletal system role (3)

A

supports and give structure,

provides protection

acts as a medium for muscles to work on

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6
Q

Muscular system role (2)

A

movement

object manipulation

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7
Q

digestive system role

A

breaks down food into nutriens and absorbs

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8
Q

respiratory system role

A

enables gas exchange

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9
Q

lymphatic system role (2)

A

immune response

fluid homeostasis

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10
Q

urogenital system

A

transfers sperm and urine

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11
Q

reproductive system

A

produces sperm and eggs

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12
Q

nervous system

A

sends information throughout the body

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13
Q

endocrine system (3)

A

growth and development

metabolism

maturation of sexual function

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14
Q

cardiovascular system

A

transports blood and nutrients

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15
Q

What is histology?

A

study of tissue

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16
Q

What is stained (3)

A

cell membrane

cellular content

nuclei

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17
Q

5 characteristics of epithelial tissue

A

show polarity

held together by tight junctions or desmosomes

sit on top of connective tissue

have connections to nerve cells, but not blood vessels

high capacity for regeneration

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18
Q

Polarity of tissues

A

apical side that is exposed

basal surface secreting an adhesive called basal lamina

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19
Q

What do connective tissue secrete, and what does it form?

A

fibrous reticular laminar under the epithelium to form a basement membrane

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20
Q

How do epithelial tissues get nutrients?

A

diffusion

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21
Q

How are cells and tissues distinguished?

A

staining using biological dyes that bind to particular chemical compounds

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22
Q

How do epithelial cells reproduce quickly>

A

access to sufficient nutrients

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23
Q

What are single and layered cells called?

A

single- simple

layered- stratified

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24
Q

What are the three shapes of apical cells?

A

squamous

cuboidal

columnar

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25
Q

3 characteristics of connective tissue

A

begin embryonically as mesenchyme

vary in amount of blood supply

have extracellular matrix

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26
Q

how do nervous tissue blood supply differ?

A

some dont have- cartilage

some are rich- bone

27
Q

where is the extraceullar matrix found?

A

outside the cells, separating the cells

28
Q

What is the matrix made of?

A

ground substance and fibers

29
Q

What is the ground substance?

A

glue that holds the tissues together

30
Q

what are the four types of fiber?

A

elastic

reticular

collagen

fibrin

31
Q

what do the suffix -blast and -cytes mean?

A

-blast are actively forming tissues

-cytes are mature cells

32
Q

when do you see fiber in blood?

A

blood clots

33
Q

What are two types of nervous tissue

A

neurons

neuroglial cells

34
Q

neuron function

A

receiving and generating nerve impulses

35
Q

What are dendrites?

A

receptive branches of neurons

36
Q

What are axons?

A

long branches transmitting electrical impulses over long distances

37
Q

function of neuroglial cells

A

protect, serve, and supports neurons

does not transmit signals

38
Q

2 characteristics of muscle tissues

A

contain myofilaments- actin and myosin

rich in blood supply

39
Q

what do myofilaments do?

A

contracts and shortens

40
Q
A

simple squamous epithelium

41
Q
A

simple cuboidal epithelium

42
Q
A

simple columnar epithelium

43
Q
A

stratified squamous epithelium

44
Q
A

stratified cuboidal epithelium

45
Q
A

stratified columnar epithelium

46
Q
A

pseudostratified columnar epithelium

47
Q
A

transitional epithelium

48
Q
A

loose areolar connective tissue

49
Q
A

loose adipose connective tissue

50
Q
A

loose reticular connective tissue

51
Q
A

dense regular connective tissue

52
Q
A

dense irregular connective tissue

53
Q
A

dense elastic connective tissue

54
Q
A

hyaline cartilage

55
Q
A

Elastic cartilage

56
Q
A

fibrocartilage

57
Q
A

compact bone

58
Q
A

spongy bone

59
Q
A

Blood

60
Q
A

nervous tissue

61
Q
A

skeletal muscle tissue

62
Q
A

cardiac muscle tissue

63
Q
A

smooth muscle tissue

BI158L (19 decks)

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