Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Gross Anatomy > Vertebral column > Flashcards

Vertebral column Flashcards

1
Q

What makes up the vertebral arch?

A

right and left pedicle and right and left lamina

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What makes up the vertebral foreamen?

A

complete circle from body to pedicle to lamina to pedicle and back to body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Where does the spinal nerve exit the spinal column?

A

intervertebral foreamen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What movement does the spinous process limit?

A

extension

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What movement does the transverse process limit?

A

abduction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Why are the cervical vertebra highly mobile?

A

thick discs and small bodies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What runs through the transverse foramen of cervical vertebrae?

A

vertebral artery and veins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the uncinate process?

A

elevated superior epiphyseal rim anterior and laterally

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What movements do the uncinate process allow and limit?

A

allows flexion/extension and limits abduction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the spinous process of C3-C6 called?

A

bifid (forked) spinous process

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the vertebra prominens?

A

name for C7 due to its long spinous process that is easily observed and palpated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is special about C1 (Atlas)?

A

has no body or spinous process which allows for head rotation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What transmits weight of head to C2?

A

lateral masses on C1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What forms the pivot for alantoaxial joint?

A

dens or odontoid process of C2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What movements are likely at a transverse oriented joint?

A

flexion/extension, ab/adduction, rotation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What movements are likely at a sagittal oriented joint?

A

flexion/extension, it blocks ab/adduction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What movements are likely at a coronally oriented joint?

A

ab/adduction, blocks flexion/extension

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What movements occur at a thoracic intervertebral joint?

A

rotation because ribs articulate with body and limit ab/adduction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is the orientation of the thoracic intervertebral joint?

A

coronally oriented

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Why do the lumbar vertebrae support a lot of weight?

A

they have massive bodies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is the orientation of superior lumbar (T12 - L1) articular processes?

A

sagittal orientation - allows for flexion/extension and blocks rotation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is the orientation of inferior lumbar vertebra?

A

coronally orientation - allows for ab/adduction and limits flexion/extension

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What forms the synovial part of the SI joint?

A

auricular surface - lateral/anterior surfaces of upper sacrum that articulates with hip bones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What forms the fibrous, syndesmosis part of the SI joint?

A

sacral tuberosity - lateral/posterior surfaces of upper sacrum that articulates with hip bones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What type of joint are the intervertebral discs?

A

symphysis type of cartilaginous joint

26
Q

What do thicker discs allow for?

A

greater ROM

27
Q

What movement does the anterior longitudinal ligament restrict?

A

extension of vertebral column

28
Q

What does the posterior longitudinal ligament restrict?

A

hyperflexion

29
Q

Where do you flex and extend vertebral column?

A

cervical and superior lumbar

30
Q

Where do you abduct vertebral column?

A

cervical and inferior lumbar

31
Q

Where do you rotate vertebral column?

A

cervical, thoracic, and inferior lumbar

32
Q

What ligaments interconnect adjacent lamina and what movement do they limit?

A

ligamenta flava and limit flexion

33
Q

What ligaments interconnect adjacent spinous processes and what movement do they limit?

A

interspinous ligaments and limit flexion

34
Q

What ligament interconnect tips of spinous process?

A

supraspinous ligaments

35
Q

What ligament interconnects spinous processes from occipital bone through cervical vertebrae and what movement does it restrict?

A

nuchal ligament and restricts flexion

36
Q

What ligaments interconnect the transverse processes of adjacent vertebra and what movements does it restrict?

A

intertransverse ligaments and restricts ab/adduction

37
Q

What is the primary movement at atlantooccipital joint?

A

flexion/extension; yes movement

38
Q

What holds the dens to the anterior arch of C1?

A

transverse ligament of atlas

39
Q

What connects the transverse ligament to occipital bone and body of C2?

A

superior and inferior longitudinal bands - forms a cross with transverse ligament (cruciate ligament)

40
Q

What connects dens to lateral foramen magnum?

A

alar ligaments

41
Q

What is the tectoral membrane?

A

continuation of posterior longitudinal ligament that passes through vertebral foramen of C2 and C1

42
Q

What are the functions of the curvatures of the spine?

A
  • shock absorption
  • flexibility
  • balance in upright stance
43
Q

What does the anterior sacroiliac ligament do?

A

stabilize and holds sacrum to ilium of hip bone

44
Q

What does the posterior sacroiliac ligament do?

A

limit depression (wedging) of sacrum

45
Q

What ligaments limit posterior tilt of sacrum/coccyx?

A

sacrotuberous and sacrospinous ligaments

46
Q

What ligament prevents L5 from skiing off the slope?

A

iliolumbar ligament

47
Q

What part of vertebral column do the vertebral arteries serve?

A

cervical

48
Q

What part of the vertebral column do the posterior intercostal arteries serve?

A

thoracic

49
Q

What part of the vertebral column do the lumbar arteries serve?

A

lumbar

50
Q

What are extrinsic back muscles?

A

muscles that attach to scapula and humerus to move the arm

51
Q

What innervates the extrinsic back muscles?

A

ventral rami

52
Q

List the superficial extrinsic back muscles

A
  • trapezius
  • latissimus dorsi
  • rhomboids
  • levator scapulae
53
Q

List the intermediate extrinsic back muscles

A

serratus posterior superior and inferior

54
Q

What innervates the intrinsic back muscles?

A

dorsal rami

55
Q

What is the proximal attachment of splenius cervicis and capitis?

A

lower cervical and upper thoracic spinous process and ligamentum nuchae

56
Q

What is the distal attachment of splenius cervicis?

A

upper cervical transverse processes

57
Q

What is the distal attachment of splenius capitis?

A

mastoid process of temporal bone

58
Q

What are the movements of splenius capitis and cervicis?

A

bilateral extender and unilateral ab/adductor and rotator of head (capitis) and neck (cervicis)

59
Q

What is the order from outside in to spinal cord?

A 
1 - vertebral column
2 - epidural space
3 - dural mater
4 - arachnoid space
5 - pia mater
60
Q

Where is CSF in the spinal canal?

A

subarachnoid space; between arachnoid and pia mater

61
Q

What holds the spinal cord to the arachnoid mater?

A

denticulate ligaments and filum terminal

62
Q

Where does the spinal cord end?

A

conus medullaris between L1 and L2

Gross Anatomy (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions