Foot Flashcards
what type of joint is subtalar?
planar synovial
what are the 3 articulations with calcaneus?
anterior, middle, and posterior talar
what type of joint is the talonavicular joint?
ball and socket synovial joint
at what joint does the most inversion and eversion occur?
surgical subtalar
what comprises surgical subtalar?
talocalacneal (3 articulations) and talonavicular
what comprises the transverse tarsal?
calcaneocuboid and talonavicular joint
what ligament doesn’t allow for big toe abductuion
deep transverse metatarsal ligament - connects all digits together
what type of joint are metatarsalphalangeal joints?
condyloid synovial
what type of joint are tarsometatarsal joints?
tight and planar synovial
what type of joint are intermetatarsal joints?
tight and planar synovial
what digit is reference for ab/adduction?
digit 2
what limits extension and hyperextension at MTP and IP joints?
plantar ligaments (on bottom of feet)
medial longitudinal arch from posterior to anterior
calcaneus to talus to navicular to cuneiforms 1-3 to metatarsals 1-3 (balls of feet)
weight distribution of medial longitudinal arch
from talus (high point = keystone) to calcaneus posterior and heads of metatarsals 1-3 (medial balls of foot) anterior
lateral longitudinal arch from posterior to anterior
calcaneus to cuboid to metatarsals 4, and 5
weight distribution of lateral longitudinal arch
from calcaneus (received weight from talus) to cuboid (high point) and heads of metatarsals 4, and 5 anterior
transverse arch
-runs through cuboid, cuneiforms and bases of metatarsal bones
what is the primary function of an intrinsic muscle of the foot? What muscles are they?
maintain longitudinal arch - abductor hallucis and abductor digiti minimi
what are the passive factors that maintain foot arches
- plantar aponeurosis
- long plantar ligament - heel to metatarsal 2-5
- short plantar ligament - calcaneocuboid
- spring ligament - calcaneonavicular
what acts as a shock absorber for the talus
calcaneonavicular ligament
what muscles of the leg whose tendons cross foot joints support the longitudinal arch?
flexor hallucis and flexor digitorum longus
what muscles of the leg whose tendons cross foot joints support the transverse arch?
adductor hallicus, tendons of fibularis longus and tibialis posterior