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Gross Anatomy > Skull > Flashcards

Skull Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 8 cranial bones?

A
  • frontal
  • ethmoid
  • sphenoid
  • occipital
  • 2 temporal
  • 2 parietal
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2
Q

What are the 15 facial bones?

A
  • mandible
  • ethmoid
  • vomer
  • 2 maxilla
  • 2 inferior nasal conchae
  • 2 zygomatic
  • 2 palatine
  • 2 nasal
  • 2 lacrimal
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3
Q

What part of the nasal conchae is independent?

A

inferior nasal conchae

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4
Q

What does the dura mater attach to?

A

crista galli of the ethmoid bone

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5
Q

Where does CN 1 enter the skull?

A

cribriform plate of the ethmoid bone

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6
Q

Where does CN 2 enter the skull?

A

prechiasmatic sulcus of sphenoid bone

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7
Q

What cranial nerves enter through the superior orbital fissure?

A

CN 3 (oculomotor), CN 4 (trochlear), CN 5 (V1, Opthalmic), and CN 6 (abducens)

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8
Q

Where does CN 5 (V2) enter the skull?

A

foramen rotundum

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9
Q

Where does CN 5 (V3) enter the skull

A

foramen ovale

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10
Q

What goes through the foramen spinosum?

A

middle meningeal artery

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11
Q

What is the inion?

A

external occipital protuberance

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12
Q

What enters the skull through the foramen magnum?

A

spinal cord/brain stem, CN 11, and right and left vertebral arteries

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13
Q

What bones form the jugular foramen?

A

occipital and temporal

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14
Q

What leaves through the jugular foramen?

A

jugular vein, CN 9 (glossopharyngeal), CN 10 (vagus), and CN 11 (spinal accessory)

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15
Q

Where does CN 11 enter and leave the skull?

A

enters through the foramen magnum and leaves through the jugular foramen

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16
Q

How does blood drain from the skull?

A

through transverse sinus on the lateral side of the occipital bone, then to saggital sinus, then to the jugular vein

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17
Q

Where is the hypoglossal canal located?

A

side of the foramen magnum

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18
Q

What CN leaves through the hypoglossal canal?

A

CN 12 (hypoglossal) - goes to the tongue

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19
Q

What are the 2 regions of the temporal bone?

A

squamous (external) and petrous (internal)

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20
Q

What is the thickest and strongest region of the skull?

A

petrous region of the temporal bone

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21
Q

What does the petrous region of the temporal bone contain?

A

auditory (hearing) and vestibular (balance)

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22
Q

What enters the skull in the carotid canal?

A

the carotid artery and sympathetic nerves (plexus)

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23
Q

What CN enter through internal acoustic foramen?

A

CN 7 (facial) and CN 8 (vestibulocochlear)

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24
Q

What is the articulation that forms the TMJ?

A

head of mandible with mandibular fossa of temporal bone

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25
Q

What muscle attaches to the coronoid process of the mandible?

A

temporalis

26
Q

What muscle attaches to the external surface of the mandibular angle?

A

masseter

27
Q

What muscle attaches to the internal surface of the mandibular angle?

A

medial pterygoid

28
Q

What is the vomer?

A

inferior part of the nasal septum

29
Q

What is the piriform aperture?

A

bony opening to the nasal cavity

30
Q

What bones form the piriform aperture? (4)

A

2 nasal and 2 maxilla

31
Q

What forms the roof of the nasal cavity?

A

ethmoid bone; more specifically the cribriform plate

32
Q

What forms the lateral wall of the nasal cavity? (3)

A

superior and middle conchae of ethmoid bone, palatine perpendicular plate, and inferior nasal conchae

33
Q

What forms the floor of the nasal cavity? (2)

A

maxilla and horizontal palatine bones

34
Q

What forms the medial wall or nasal septum of the nasal cavity? (3)

A

superior is ethmoid perpendicular plate, inferior is vomer, and septal cartilage

35
Q

What forms the orbital cavity? (7)

A
  • frontal
  • sphenoid
  • maxilla
  • zygomatic
  • palatine
  • ethmoid
  • lacrimal
36
Q

What forms the anterior cranial fossa? (3)

A

frontal, ethmoid, and sphenoid

37
Q

What forms the middle cranial fossa? (2)

A

sphenoid and temporal

38
Q

What forms the posterior cranial fossa? (3)

A

occipital, sphenoid, and temporal

39
Q

What forms the zygomatic arch? (2)

A

zygomatic process of the temporal bone and temporal process of zygomatic bone

40
Q

What does the hard palate do?

A

lets you breathe and chew at the same time

41
Q

What forms the hard palate? (2)

A

palatine process of maxilla and palatine bones

42
Q

What are the 4 sinuses?

A
  • frontal sinus
  • ethmoid sinus
  • maxillary sinus
  • sphenoid sinus
43
Q

What does the coronal suture separate?

A

frontal and parietal

44
Q

What does the sagittal suture separate?

A

right and left parietal

45
Q

What does the lambdoid suture separate?

A

occipital from parietal

46
Q

What does the occipitomastoid suture separate?

A

occipital from temporal

47
Q

What does the squamous suture separate?

A

temporal from parietal

48
Q

What is the lambda?

A

intersection of lambdoid and sagittal sutures

49
Q

What is the bregma?

A

intersection of sagittal and coronal sutures

50
Q

What is the pterion?

A

H shaped intersection of coronal, squamous, and sphenoid bone

51
Q

What is the vertex?

A

most superior point of calvaria on sagittal suture

52
Q

What is the asterion?

A

junction of lambdoid, occipitomastoid, and squamous

53
Q

What ligament prevents posterior dislocation of TMJ during protraction?

A

lateral ligament of TMJ

54
Q

What ligaments prevent downward dislocation of TMJ during protraction?

A

stylomandibular and sphenomandibular ligament

55
Q

What muscle depress the mandible to open the mouth?

A

lateral pterygoid

56
Q

What muscles elevate and retract mandible?

A

temporalis, masseter, and medial pterygoid

57
Q

What is the palpebral?

A

eyelid part of orbicularis oculi

58
Q

What do the extrinsic muscles of the tongue do?

A

move the tongue

59
Q

What do the intrinsic muscles of the tongue do?

A

change the shape of the tongue

60
Q

What provides sensory fibers to the cornea of the eye?

A

V1

61
Q

What provides somatosensory to tongue?

A

V3

Gross Anatomy (9 decks)

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