vertebral column Flashcards
vertebral column: describe the regions and functions of the vertebral column, describe the range of movement of the entire column and individual regions
3 functions of vertebral column
support, protection, movement
5 regions of vertebral column
cervical (7), thoracic (12), lumbar (5), sacral (5), coccygeal (4)
3 structures within vertebral column
bones, ligaments, intervertebral discs
what 4 things does the vertebral column support
body weight (due to curvatures), head, upper limbs (aids movement), transmits forces
what does the vertebral column protect
spinal cord
2 types of muscles of vertebral column
extrinsic, intrinsic
what movement do extrinsic muscles help to achieve
upper limbs and ribs
what movement do intrinsic muscles help to achieve
postural control and movement
3 movements of spine
extension and flexion, lateral flexion, rotation
what structures do movement of spine rely on
articular facets and ribs
what 2 muscles assist with flexion
rectus abdominis and psoas major
what 2 muscles assist with extension
erector spinae and gluteus maximums
what 9 groups of muscle assist with lateral flexion (contract to bend to opposite side)
splenius, sternocleidomastoid, rhomboids, external and internal oblique (anterior), internal and external oblique (lateral), quadratus lumborum, gluteus medius, gluteus maximus, adductur longus
what 5 groups of muscle assist with rotation (contract to rotate to same side)
splenius, sternocleidomastoid, transversospinalis, external and internal oblique, iliocostalis and longissimus
range of motion of cervical spine: flexion and extension
45 degrees
