neck and face Flashcards
major structures passing between neck, thorax and upper limbs: describe the anatomy of the major structures passing between the neck, and the thorax and the upper limb, describe the course, anatomy and relations of the subclavian arteries and veins
3 sets of functions of neck
structural (support and move head), visceral, conduit for blood vessels and nerves
what are the structural contributors enclosed inside
prevertebral fascia
what are the visceral contributors enclosed or associated with
pretracheal fascia
what are blood vessels and nerves inside or associated with
carotid sheaths
what is the name of the most superficial cervical fascia which encloses all other fascias and sheaths
investing layer
lay out of transverse slice of neck
visceral structures anteriomedially within pretracheal fascia; 2 vascular bundles laterally of this within carotid sheaths; posteriorly is very large prevertebral sheath enclosing vertebral structures
what visceral structures are present within the pretracheal fascia
trachea medially, with oesophagus posteriorly and bilateral thyroid laterally
what is the name of the posterior section of pretracheal fascia
buccopharyngeal fascia
what blood vessels and nerves are present within the carotid sheath
common carotid artery medially, internal jugular vein laterally, vagus nerve posteriorly
what structures are within prevertebral fascia
scalene muscles
name of most anterior muscles in front of pretracheal fascia, enclosed within investing layer
infrahyoid (bilateral; 2 on either side)
name of bilateral muscle posterolateral to infrahyoid muscles, enclosed within investing layer
sternocleidomastoid muscle
name of bilateral muscle posterior to prevertebral fascia at back of neck, enclosed within investing layer
trapezius muscle
diagram of transverse slice through neck
levels of neck with anatomical importance
C1, C2, C3, C4, C6, C7
what occurs at level of C1
open mouth
what occurs at level of C2
superior cervical ganglion
what occurs at level of C3
body of hyoid
what occurs at level of C4
upper border or thyroid cartilage, bifurcation of common carotid artery (bi’four’cation)
what occurs at level of C6
cricoid cartilage, middle cervical ganglion
what occurs at level of C7
inferior cervical ganglion
