neck and face Flashcards
posterior triangle of the neck: demonstrate the boundaries, and anatomical position of relevant structures (including spinal accessory nerve, the roots and trunks of the brachial plexus, the phrenic nerve, the external jugular vein and subclavian vessels)
diagram of triangles of neck
what 3 things make up border of posterior triangle
posterior surface of sternocleidomastoid muscle, anterior border of trapezius, middle 1/3 of clavicle
main contents of posterior triangle
blood vessels and nerves
blood vessels in posterior triangle
external jugular vein, subclavian artery, subclavian vein
nerves in posterior triangle
trunks of brachial plexus, phrenic nerve, vagus nerve, spinal accessory nerve
what vein runs superficially down the sternocleidomastoid muscle, and what two veins have drained into it
external jugular vein, which is formed by anastomosis of retromandibular vein and posterior auricular vein
what two other veins join the external jugular vein anterior to the trapezius before reaching the clavicle
posterior external jugular vein, transverse cervical vein
vein anterior to sternocleidomastoid muscle
anterior jugular vein
diagram of veins in posterior triangle
what does the external jugular vein drain into
subclavian vein
branch of subclavian artery which ascends superiorly
thyrocervical trunk
3 branches of thryocervical trunk
inferior thyroid artery, suprascapular artery, transverse cervical artery
what nerve runs inferiorly by common carotid artery
vagus nerve
which nerve runs inferiorly by anterior scalene muscle
phrenic nerve
what plexus exits in between anterior and middle scalene muscles
brachial plexus
diagram of nerves and arteries in posterior triangle
what 2 nerves cross the sternocleidomastoid muscle
greater auricular nerve superiorly and transverse cervical nerve inferiorly
what nerve runs inferiorly by posterior of sternocleidomastoid muscle
lesser occipital nerve
what do the supraclavicular nerves arise from, where do they emerge and where do they descend
arise from 3rd and 4th cervical nerves; emerge beneath posterior border of the sternocleidomastoid muscle; descend in posterior triangle beneath platysma
diagram of nerves in posterior triangle
4 nerves and plexuses present in root of neck
brachial plexus (C5-T1), vagus, recurrent laryngeal, phrenic
5 vessels present in root of neck
common carotid arteries medially, vertebral arteries deep to common carotid arteries subclavian artery and vein laterally over 1st rib, thoracic duct on left side
2 visceral structures present in root of neck
trachea anterior to oesophagus, with dome of pleura posterior to oesophagus
2 sets of muscles present in root of neck
anterior scalene connecting C3-C6 transverse processes to 1st rib; infrahyoid (strap) muscles anteriorly by manubrium
diagram of root of neck
