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RT 211 > Vertebral Column > Flashcards

Vertebral Column Flashcards

1
Q

How many bones are there in the

Cervical vertebrae

A

7 bones

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2
Q

How many bones are there in the

Thoracic vertebrae

A

12 bones

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3
Q

How many bones are there in the

Lumbar verterbrae

A

5 bones

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4
Q

How many bones are there in the

Sacrum

A

5 fused bones

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5
Q

How many bones are there in the

Coccyx

A

4, or 5 incomplete bones

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6
Q

Parts and Prominences of the Vertebrae

A

True or movable vertebrae
False or fixed vertebrae

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7
Q

Normal Curvatures of the Vertebral Column

Cervical curvature

A

Lordotic Type

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8
Q

Normal Curvatures of the Vertebral Column

Thoracic curvature

A

Kyphotic Type

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9
Q

Normal Curvatures of the Vertebral Column

Lumbar curvature

A

Lordotic Type

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10
Q

Normal Curvatures of the Vertebral Column

Pelvic curvature

A

Kyphotic Type

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11
Q

Structure of Vertebrae

is the solid anterior part shaped like a cylinder, with the posterior surface flattened.

A

Body of the vertebra

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12
Q

Structure of Vertebrae

curved posterior part enclosing an opening.

A

Arch of the vertebra

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13
Q

Structure of Vertebrae: Arch of the vertebra

two short rounded processes that extend posteriorly, one from each lateral margin
of the dorsal surface of a vertebral body.

A

Pedicle

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14
Q

Structure of Vertebrae: Arch of the vertebra

two flattened plates of bone, one passing towards the midline from each pedicle.

A

Laminae

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15
Q

Structure of Vertebrae: Arch of the vertebra

two flattened plates of bone, one passing towards the midline from each pedicle.

A

Laminae

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16
Q

Structure of Vertebra: Arch of the vertebra

an opening formed by the vertebral arch with its pedicles and laminae, and the posterior surface of the vertebral body.

A

Vertebral foramen

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17
Q

Structure of Vertebra: Arch of the vertebra

is a tubular passage extending from the foramen magnum of the skull to the lower sacrum.

A

Vertebral canal

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18
Q

Structure of Vertebra: Arch of the vertebra

is formed by either the upper or lower curved surface of a pedicle

A

Vertebral notch

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19
Q

Structure of Vertebra: Seven processes

extend laterally from the junction of a pedicle with a lamina side

A

Transverse processes

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20
Q

Structure of Vertebra: Seven processes

extend up towards the head from the junction of each pedicle and lamina

A

Superior articular processes

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21
Q

Structure of Vertebra: Seven processes

projects caudally from the junction of each pedicle and lamina

A

Inferior articular process

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22
Q

Structure of Vertebra: Seven processes

extends posteriorly from the dorsal margin of each vertebral arch

A

Spinous process

23
Q

Characteristics of Some Vertebrae

Characteristics of Cervical

(FSP, FT)

A

Cervical
Forked spinous processes
Foramina transversaria (2)

24
Q

Characteristics of Some Vertebrae

No body, No spinous process, 2 lateral masses
and 2 arches: anterior and posterior

A

Atlas: first cervical vertebra

25
Q

Characteristics of Some Vertebrae

A dens or odontoid

A

Axis: second cervical vertebra

26
Q

Characteristics of Some Vertebrae

Large long spinous process

A

Vertebra prominens: 7 cervical vertebra

27
Q

Characteristics of Some Vertebrae

Costal pits or facet (fovea costalis), On vertebral body (2 or 4), On transverse processes (2)

28
Q

Joints of the Vertebral Column

Flat articular surfaces of bodies of the adjacent vertebrae from the second cervical vertebra to
and including the lumbosacral joint between the 5™ lumbar body and the sacrum.

A

Intervertebral joints

29
Q

Joints of the Vertebral Column

Articular surfaces of adjacent vertebrae covered by compact bone.

Thin articular cartilages covering the articular surface of each vertebra, compose of hyaline cartilage.

A

Cartilaginous joints

30
Q

Joints of the Vertebral Column: Cartilaginous

flat circular plate lying between the articular cartilages covering each bone

A

An intervertebral Disc

31
Q

Joints of the Vertebral Column: Cartilaginous

An intervertebral disc consists of?

A

Anulus fibrosus
Nucleus pulposus

32
Q

Joints of the Vertebral Column: Cartilaginous

an outer pad of fibrous tissue and fibrocartilage

Intervertebral disc

A

Anulus fibrosus

33
Q

Joints of the Vertebral Column: Cartilaginous

the pulpy center of a disc in the center of an anulus fibrosus and surrounded by it

Intervertebral disc

A

Nucleus pulposus

34
Q

Joints of the Vertebral Column: Ligamenta

extending lengthwise along the
anterior surfaces of vertebrae

A

An anterior longitudinal ligament of fibrous tissue

35
Q

Joints of the Vertebral Column: Ligamenta

passes lengthwise between adjacent vertebrae
along their posterior surfaces.

A

A posterior longitudinal ligament

36
Q

Joints of the Vertebral Column: Ligamenta

pass lengthwise between the laminae of adjacent vertebrae.

A

Ligamenta flava

37
Q

Joints of the Vertebral Column: Ligamenta

connect adjacent spinous processes

A

Interspinal ligaments

38
Q

Joints of the Vertebral Column: Ligamenta

connects the tips of the spinous processes.

A

Supraspinatus ligament

39
Q

Joints of the Vertebral Column

Articular processes of the adjacent vertebrae on each side.

A

Interarticular joints (zygapophyseal joints) — gliding joints

40
Q

Joints of the Vertebral Column

  • Occipital condyle of the occipital bone
  • Superior articular surface on the lateral mass on the lateral mass of the atlas on the same side
A

Atlantooccipital joints — condylar joints

41
Q

Joints of the Vertebral Column

What are the two Atlantoaxial joints

A
  • Median atlantoaxial joint
  • Lateral atlantoaxial joint
42
Q

Joints of the Vertebral Column

Dens of the axis and a ring formed by the anterior arch of atlas

A

Median atlantoaxial joint

pivot joint

43
Q

Joints of the Vertebral Column: Ligamenta

Inferior articular surface of the lateral mass of the atlas, and the superior articular process of the axis on each side

A

Lateral atlantoaxial joints

gliding joint

44
Q

Joints of the Vertebral Column: Ligamenta

Between the lateral margins of the articular surfaces of lower cervical vertebrae, on each side.

A

Accessory Cervical Joints

45
Q

Joints of the Vertebral Column: Ligamenta

Inferior articular surface of the 5” lumbar vertebra and the superior articular surface of the sacrum.

A

Lumbosacral joint

cartilaginous joint

46
Q

Joints of the Vertebral Column

Inferior articular processes of upper end of sacrum

A

Interarticular joints

gliding joints

47
Q

Joints of the Vertebral Column

Distal end of sacrum forming a joint with the first segment of the coccyx,

A

Sacrococcygeal joint

cartilaginous joint

48
Q

Joints of the Vertebral Column

Present between the segments of the coccyx.
The discs disappear in later life and the segments unite.

A

Intercoccygeal joints

49
Q

Congenital Anomalies of the Vertebrae

2 or more vertebrae may be united with no joint between them.

A

Fusion of Vertebrae

50
Q

Congenital Anomalies of the Vertebrae

right or left half of the vertebra may be absent, or one half of the vertebra may fuse with the
vertebra above or below it, leaving the other half as a separate bone.

A

Hemivertebra

51
Q

Congenital Anomalies of the Vertebrae

the right and left lamina may fail to unite with each other at the median line posteriorly.

A

Spina bifida

52
Q

Congenital Anomalies of the Vertebrae

may present between the superior and inferior articular processes of a vertebrae at the isthmus where these join

A

Articular defects

53
Q

Congenital Anomalies of the Vertebrae

the lower part of the sacrum may fail to develop

A

Absence of sacrum

RT 211 (12 decks)

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