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RT 211 > Skin: Appendages: Subcutaneous Tissue: Secreting Glands > Flashcards

Skin: Appendages: Subcutaneous Tissue: Secreting Glands Flashcards

1
Q

The Layers of the Skin

What are the layers of the skin

A
  • Epidermis
  • Dermis
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2
Q

The Layers of the Skin

  • Outer layer
  • It is also called squamous since superficial layers of cells have become flat and scaly.
A

Epidermis

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3
Q

The Epidermis

What are the 5 layers of the Epidermis

A
  • Horny layer — stratum corneum
  • Clear or translucent layer — stratum lucidum
  • Granular layer — stratum granulosum
  • Prickle cell layer — stratum spinosum
  • Germinal or basal layer — stratum germinativum
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4
Q

Layers of Epidermis

Composed of several thicknesses of degenerated cells that have become mere scales with no cellular
structure.

A

Stratum corneum/Horny Layer or Outer Layer

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5
Q

Layers of Epidermis

Consists of tiers of cells that have lost their nuclei and cellular outlines due to the degenerative process.

A

Stratum lucidum/ Clear or translucent layer

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6
Q

Layers of Epidermis

Composed of two or three tiers of flattened cells containing granules.

A

Stratum granulosum/ Granular layer

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7
Q

Layers of Epidermis

  • Consists of several tiers of many-sided cells
A

Stratum Spinosum/ Prickle Cell layer

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8
Q
  • It is composed of loose (areolar) connective tissue with widely separated cells, with fibrous bands and elastic tissue fibers between.
  • Corium, or true skin
A

The Dermis

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9
Q

The Dermis

What are the two layers of the Dermis

A
  • Papillary Layer
  • Reticular Layer
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10
Q

The Layers of the Dermis

Its outer surface is elevated into tiny projections with hollows between them.

A

Papillary Layer

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11
Q

The Layers of the Dermis

  • The cells and fibers form an interlacing network.
  • Blood vessels and nerves pass through this layer to reach the papillary layer.
A

Reticular Layer

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12
Q

What are the Appendages of the Skin

A
  • Nails
  • Hair
  • Sebaceous glands
  • Sweat or sudoriferous glands
  • Ceruminous glands
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13
Q

Appendages of the Skin

Stratum clear layer has thickened to form a hard protective covering.

A

Nail

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14
Q

The Nail

Proximal part that is covered by a fold of skin, and hidden from view.

A

Nail root

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15
Q

The Nail

  • Exposed part, with its free edge projecting over the tip of the digit.
A

Body of the Nail

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16
Q

The Nail

Outer horny layer of epidermis at the base of the nail that tends to grow out over the nail body.

A

Eponychium

17
Q

The Nail

Outer horny layer of epidermis at the base of the nail that tends to grow out over the nail body.

A

Eponychium

18
Q

Appendages of the Skin

Modification of the epidermis

A

Hair

19
Q

The Hair

A small canal opening upon the skin surface and extending down the dermis or even the subcutaneous tissue.

A

Hair follicle

20
Q

The Hair

Part below the skin level lying in a hair follicle.

A

Root of a hair

21
Q

The Hair

Inner enlarged end of each hair root

A

The bulb

22
Q

Appendages of the Skin

  • Small secreting glands that lie beside and open into hair follicles.
  • Secretes oily substance called sebum.
  • Lubricates hair and skin.
A

Sebaceous Gland

23
Q

Appendages of the Skin

  • Simple tubelike glands consisting of a single canal or duct, and a coiled secreting part.
  • Secrete watery solution containing sodium chloride and minute quantities of other waste products including urea.
A

Sweat or Sudoriferous Gland

24
Q

Appendages of the Skin

Modified sweat glands located in the external ear that secrete wax into the external acoustic (auditory
meatus)

A

Ceruminous Glands

25
Q

Appendages of the Skin

Consists of areolar (loose connective tissue) forms a layer between the skin and such structures as muscles, bones, or organs that lie deep to the skin.

A

Subcutaneous Tissue

26
Q

What are the Functions of the Skin

A
  • Protective covering to prevent injury or destruction of underlying tissues.
  • Excretes water and some waste products.
  • Helps regulate body temperature.
  • Contains sensory receptors of sensory nerves, and transmit to the brain, sensations of the external environment.
27
Q
  • Glands are organized units of epithelial cells that extract raw materials from capillaries and intercellular
    spaces and manufacture new substances or secretions.
A

Secreting Glands

28
Q

What are the two types of Secreting Glands

A
  • Endocrine Glands
  • Exocrine Glands
29
Q

What are the Classifications of Exocrine Glands

A
  • Simple tubular gland
  • Branched tubular gland
  • Simple saccular or alveolar gland
  • Branch saccular or alveolar gland
  • Combined tubualveolar gland
30
Q

The Nail

  • is the white part of the nail body, shaped like a half-moon close to the nail root
A

Lunula

31
Q

Layers of Epidermis

  • Consists of a layer of columnar cells that forms the deepest part of the skin
  • Contains a pigment that determines the darkness of skin
A

Stratum germinativum/ Germinal or basal cell layer

RT 211 (12 decks)

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