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RT 211 > The Muscular System > Flashcards

The Muscular System Flashcards

1
Q

Classification of muscles by location

A

Skeletal muscles
Visceral muscles
Cardiac muscles

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2
Q

Classification of muscles by location

usually attached to the bones

A

Skeletal muscles

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3
Q

Classification of muscles by location

in the walls of some organs

A

Visceral muscles

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4
Q

Classification of muscles by location

in the heart, myocardium

A

Cardiac muscles

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5
Q

Characteristics of Muscles

striated, voluntary

A

Skeletal

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6
Q

Characteristics

nonstriated, involuntary

A

Visceral

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7
Q

Characteristics

striated, involuntary

A

Cardiac

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8
Q

the red lean meat of the body, make up almost half of the body weight.

A

Skeletal muscles

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9
Q

Skeletal muscle usually controlled by the

A

cerebrum

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10
Q

also called as muscle cells

A

Muscle fibers

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11
Q

many fine threadlike structures

A

Fibrils or myofibrils

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12
Q

a layer of connective tissue

A

Fascia

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13
Q

are usually attached at each to a bone, but some are attached to a cartilage, a
ligament, another muscle or to the skin.

A

Skeletal muscles

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14
Q

The attachment to bone is by connective tissue

A

a tendon or aponeurosis

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15
Q

of a muscle is its more fixed, less movable attachment, usually its proximal end.

A

Origin

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16
Q

of a muscle is its more movable end, usually its distal end.

A

Insertion

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17
Q

sometimes called a sinew cord, or leader is a cordlike fibrous connective structure that extends from the end of a muscle to a bony attachment.

A

Tendon

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18
Q

is a sheet of fibrous connective tissue that is often attached at one end to a muscle, often flat muscle and by the other end to a bone, cartilage, ligament or other muscle.

A

Aponeurosis

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19
Q

is a tunnel-like channel that surrounds a tendon.

A

A tendon sheath

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20
Q

is an inflammation of a tendon sheath

A

Tenosynovistis

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21
Q

a saclike structure lying between a muscle or tendon and an adjacent bony prominence over which the muscle tendon moves.

A

Bursa

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22
Q

is an inflammation of a bursa and it is frequently very painful.

A

Bursitis

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23
Q

the deposition of calcium, may occur in a bursa or tendon sheath.

A

Calcification

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23
Q

muscles do not completely relax when at rest, but remain partly contracted.

A

Muscle Tone

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24
Q

the main function of all muscles is to contract and cause movement of the body or
a part of it.

A

Contraction

25
Q

are muscles that initiate and carry out some movement.

A

Prime Movers

26
Q

are muscles that perform some movement opposite to that caused by the prime
movers.

A

Antagonists

27
Q

are muscles that act with the prime movers to accomplish some movement but
prevent unwanted movement.

A

Synergists

28
Q

are those that hold the adjacent bones in a fixed position so that the prime : movers may accomplish some certain movement.

A

Fixation muscles

29
Q

the maintenance of the upright position of the body consists of a balanced contraction
of some muscle groups and the partial relaxation of opposing groups.

A

Posture

30
Q

is a contraction of muscles that may persist for a long period of time, without
relaxation.

A

Muscle spasm

31
Q

follows injury to, or destruction of, the nerves supplying that muscle.

A

Paralysis of muscles

32
Q

may attack cells in the spinal cord that supply motor nerves to skeletal muscles.

A

Poliomyelitis (infantile paralysis)

33
Q

Some Characteristics of Skeletal Muscle

A
  • Irritability
  • Conductivity
  • Extensibility
  • Elasticity
  • Contractility
34
Q

Some Characteristics of Skeletal Muscle

is the property of being able to respond to stimuli.

A

Irritability

35
Q

Some Characteristics of Skeletal Muscle

is the ability to conduct impulses from nerves, from electrical stimuli

A

Conductivity

36
Q

Some Characteristics of Skeletal Muscle

is the facility or stretching. This occurs by a lengthening of the fibrils of each muscle fibers

A

Extensibility

37
Q

Some Characteristics of Skeletal Muscle

the ability to return to the original length following stretching.

A

Elasticity

38
Q

Some Characteristics of Skeletal Muscle

is the ability to become shorter, and is due to a shortening with thickening of each fibril of each muscle fiber.

A

Contractility

39
Q

Functions of Muscles

  • ——- contract and cause movement.
  • They maintain ——– in the upright and other positions of the body.
  • They give ——— by maintaining a partial state contraction.
A
  • Skeletal muscles
  • position (posture)
  • support to joints
40
Q

How Muscles Are Named?

A
  • By location
  • By shape
  • By Direction of Fibers
  • By action
  • Number of Parts
41
Q

How Muscles are Named

examples of By location

A

Pectoralis major

42
Q

How Muscles Are Named

examples of By shape

A

Quadratus, deltoid

43
Q

How Muscles Are Named

examples of By Direction of Fibers

A

Trasversus, obliqe

44
Q

How Muscles Are Named

examples of By Action

A

Flexor digitorum

45
Q

How Muscles Are Named

Number of Parts

A

Biceps, triceps, quadriceps

45
Q

How Muscles Are Named

Number of Parts

A

Biceps, triceps, quadriceps

46
Q

Some Muscles Important in Radiography

A
  • Diaphragm
  • Pectoralis Major Muscle
  • Psoas Major Muscle
  • Intercostal muscles
47
Q

Some Muscles Important in Radiography

Dome-shaped muscular partition that separates the thorax and abdomen.

A

Diaphragm

48
Q

Some Muscles Important in Radiography

3 large openings of the Diaphragm

A
  • Aortic hiatus
  • Esophageal hiatus
  • Opening of the inferior vena cave
49
Q

Thick fan-shaped muscle that covers the upper anterior chest wall.

A

Pectoralis Major Muscle

50
Q

Muscle lies lateral to the lumbar vertebrae in the posterior wall of the abdomen.

A

Psoas Major Muscle

51
Q

Fillin the spaces between adjacent ribs, and their costal cartilages.

A

Intercostal muscles

52
Q

The Diaphragm and Radiography

  • The ———- lie well above the costal margins and may reach the 4” ribs.
A

tops of the dome

53
Q

The Diaphragm and Radiography

Following inspiration, they lie at a ——– than the following expiration

A

lower level

54
Q

The Diaphragm and Radiography

With the subject lying down the diaphragm lies at ——- than when upright.

A

a higher level

55
Q

The Diaphragm and Radiography

Air escaping from a hole in the wall of the stomach or intestine will rise to the ———— in the abdomen.

A

highest possible level

56
Q

The Diaphragm and Radiography

The diaphragm must be included in both ———– radiography.

A

chest and abdomen

57
Q

Examples of Ligaments and Tendons

A
  • Inguinal ligment
  • Patellar ligament
  • ligamentum teres
  • Calcaneal tendon
58
Q

Weak Abdominal Areas

A
  • Umbilical Area
  • Inguinal Area
  • Femoral Area

RT 211 (12 decks)

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