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Respiratory system > Ventilation and Compliance > Flashcards

Ventilation and Compliance Flashcards

1
Q

What is tidal volume and what is the average value?

A

Volume of air you breathe in/out at rest

500ml

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2
Q

What is the expiratory reserve volume and what is the average value?

A

Volume of air you can voluntarily squeeze out your lungs

1L

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3
Q

What is the inspiratory reserve volume and what is the average value?

A

Volume of air you can voluntarily take in to your lungs

Up to 3L

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4
Q

What is vital capacity?

A

Volume of air you can expire after your maximum inspiratory

Tidal volume + expiratory reserve volume + inspiratory reserve volume

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5
Q

What is residual volume?

A

Air that can’t be moved

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6
Q

What is functional residual capacity?

A

Expiratory reserve volume + residual volume

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7
Q

What is total lung capacity?

A

Vital capacity + residual volume

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8
Q

What is inspiratory capacity?

A

Tidal volume + inspiratory reserve volume

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9
Q

What is pulmonary ventilation?

A

Total air movement in/out lungs (L/min)

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10
Q

What is alveolar ventilation?

A

Fresh air getting to alveoli and therefore available for exchange (L/min)

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11
Q

Does pulmonary or alveolar ventilation have more of functional use?

A

Alveolar ventilation

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12
Q

What happens to PO2 and PCO2 during hyperventilation?

A

PO2 rises to about 120mmHg

PCO2 falls to about 20mmHg

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13
Q

What happens to PO2 and PCO2 during hypoventilation?

A

PO2 falls to 30mmHg

PCO2 rises to 100mmHg

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14
Q

What are the normal values for alveolar and arterial PO2

A

Arterial PO2 is 100mmHg or 13.3kPA

Alveolar PO2 is 100mmHg or 13.3kPa

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15
Q

What are the normal values for alveolar and arterial PCO2

A

Arterial PCO2 is 40mmHg or 5.3kPa

Alveolar PCO2 is 40mmHg or 5.3kPa

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16
Q

What is surfactant?

A

Detergent like fluid produced by type 2 alveolar cells

17
Q

What does surfactant do?

A

Reduces surface tension of alveolar surface
Increases lung compliance
Reduces lung tendency to recoil
Makes work of breath easier

18
Q

What is compliance?

A

Change in volume relative to change in pressure

19
Q

What does compliance represent?

A

The stretchability of the lungs

20
Q

What happens to compliance from base to apex?

A

Compliance declines

Respiratory system (22 decks)

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