Velar Muscules

Question 1

What forms the bulk of the body of the uvula but is separate from the uvula proper?

Answer 1

musculus uvulae

Question 2

the contraction of what muscle moves the posterior pharyngeal wall anteriorly and the lateral pharyngeal walls medially?

Answer 2

superior pharyngeal constrictor

Question 3

The levator veli palatini is essential in articulating _______ sounds

Answer 3

oral sounds

Question 4

What are the purposes of the bulging velum when the musculus uvulae contracts?

Answer 4

1. added stiffness to prevent velar distortion
2. assure a good VP seal between the velum and the posterior pharyngeal wall

Question 5

What is the purpose of all pharyngeal constrictor muscles?

Answer 5

narrow the diameter of the pharynx

Question 6

Is the tensor veli palatini active during speech or swallowing or both?

Answer 6

swallowing

Question 7

the tensor veli palatini muscle is or is not involved in the VP opening or closing?

Answer 7

NOT

Question 8

What muscle forms the posterior faucial pilliar?

Answer 8

palatopharyngeous

Question 9

is the levator veli palatini a VP closer or opener?

Answer 9

closer

Question 10

What is the function of the palatoglossus?

Answer 10

depress the soft palate and elevates tongue
narrow the orpharyngeal isthmus when swallowing

Question 11

What is the origin, course, and insertion for the levator veli palatini muscle?

Answer 11

origin: tympanic part of the temporal bone
course: down and forward
insertion: palatine aponeurosis (supports the soft palate muscles)

Question 12

the levator veli palatini elevates and retracts the posterior portion of the _____

Answer 12

velum

Question 13

contraction of the levator veli palatini helps to ______ (close/open) the VP

Answer 13

close

Question 14

What muscle forms the anterior faucial pillar?

Answer 14

palatoglossus

Question 15

what is the purpose of the hard plate?

Answer 15

separate the oral and nasal cavities

Question 16

velopharyngeal mechanism is incapable of separating the oral and nasal cavities during swallowing and speech, is called what?

Answer 16

velopharyngeal incompetence

Question 17

too little sound into the nasal cavity during speech is known as what?

Answer 17

hyponasality

Question 18

the posterior 1/3 is the _____ plate

Answer 18

soft plate

Question 19

what muscle helps pull the pharyngeal walls medially during VP closing?

Answer 19

palatopharyngeous muscle

Question 20

at what age do normal tonsil cells degenerate or atrophy?

Answer 20

~16 years old

Question 21

what allows for pressure equilibration between the atmosphere and the middle ear and fluid drainage when open?

Answer 21

eustachian tubes

Question 22

What is the function of the tensor veli palatini?

Answer 22

-tenses the soft palate
-assists the levator veli palatini in elevating the palate
-occlude and prevent entry of food into the nasopharynx during swallowing

Question 23

is the palatoglossus a VP closer or opener?

Answer 23

opener

Question 24

velopharyngeal mechanism adequately closes the port during swallowing and speech, is called what?

Answer 24

velopharyngeal competence

Question 25

What are the two depressors?

Answer 25

1. palatoglossus muscle 2. palatopharyngeal muscle

Question 26

what is the origin and insertion of the tensor veli palatini?

Answer 26

origin: ptyergoid of the sphenoid insertion: palatal aponeurosis

Question 27

when the oral and nasal cavities are separated, is this a closed or open VP?

Answer 27

closed

Question 28

is the tensor veli palatini a VP closer or opener?

Answer 28

closer

Question 29

for nasal breathing and production of nasal sounds, is the valve open or closed?

Answer 29

open

Question 30

velar elevation is lowers for what type of sounds (oral or nasal)?

Answer 30

nasals

Question 31

is the musculus uvulae a VP closer or opener?

Answer 31

closer

Question 32

what are tonsils made out of?

Answer 32

lymphoid tissue

Question 33

adenoid pads may assist in velar closure or opening?

Answer 33

closure

Question 34

velar elevation ________ for high vowels than low

Answer 34

greater

Question 35

The anterior 2/3 is the _____ plate

Answer 35

hard plate

Question 36

The palatoglossus contracts to depress the _____ palate

Answer 36

soft

Question 37

velar elevation ________ for high pressure consonants than lower pressure consonants and semivowels

Answer 37

higher

Question 38

What muscle(s) is active during both swallowing and speech production?

Answer 38

levator veli palatini musculus uvulae

Question 39

too much sound into the nasal cavity during speech is known as what?

Answer 39

hypernasality

Question 40

What are the two purposes of the velum?

Answer 40

1. velopharyngeal port 2. control of VP is critical for resonance

Question 41

the palatoglossus may be an ____________ muscle to the levator veli palatini

Answer 41

antagonist

Question 42

is the palatopharygeous a VP closer or opener?

Answer 42

both

Question 43

when the oral and nasal cavities are connected, is this a closed or open VP?

Answer 43

open

Question 44

low vowels may be associated with some velar _____ (opening/closing)

Answer 44

opening

Question 45

What forms the boundary between the oral cavity and the oropharynx?

Answer 45

faucial pillars

Question 46

What is the origin of the palatopharyngeus (anterior and posterior)? As well as the course and insertion

Answer 46

origin: anterior fibers-hard palate, posterior fibers-soft palate midline course: laterally and down insertion: upper border o the posterior thyroid cartilage

Question 47

what is the origin, course, and insertion of the palatoglossus muscle?

Answer 47

origin: palatal aponeurosis course: down insertion: each side of posterior tongue

Question 48

What is the VP made up of (3 things)?

Answer 48

1. lateral pharyngeal walls 2. posterior pharyngeal wall 3. velum

Question 49

is the musculus uvulae active during swallowing, speech, or both?

Answer 49

both

Question 50

what is the function of the levator veli palatini?

Answer 50

primary elevator of the soft palate

Question 51

When the tensor veli palatini contracts what opens?

Answer 51

the eustachian tubes

Question 52

What happens when the musculus uvulae contracts?

Answer 52

a bulge on the posterior part of the nasal surface of the velum

Question 53

for swallowing and production or oral sounds, is the valve open or closed?

Answer 53

closed

Question 54

What are the three speech sounds the require the soft palate be lowered?

Answer 54

m,n,ng

Question 55

is the superior pharyngeal constrictor a VP closer or opener?

Answer 55

closer

Question 56

what is the tensor veli palatini muscle innervated by? What about the levator veli palatini?

Answer 56

tensor - CN V (trigeminal) levator - CN X (vagus)

Question 57

The levator veli palatini is important for also preventing ______ from entering the nasopharynx during swallowing

Answer 57

food

Question 58

What is the function of the palatopharyngeus?

Answer 58

lowers/depresses soft palate narrows orpharyngeal cavity by pulling lateral and posterior pharyngeal walls medially