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A&P for SLP > Velar Muscules > Flashcards

Velar Muscules Flashcards

1
Q

What forms the bulk of the body of the uvula but is separate from the uvula proper?

A

musculus uvulae

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2
Q

the contraction of what muscle moves the posterior pharyngeal wall anteriorly and the lateral pharyngeal walls medially?

A

superior pharyngeal constrictor

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3
Q

The levator veli palatini is essential in articulating _______ sounds

A

oral sounds

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4
Q

What are the purposes of the bulging velum when the musculus uvulae contracts?

A
  1. added stiffness to prevent velar distortion
  2. assure a good VP seal between the velum and the posterior pharyngeal wall
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5
Q

What is the purpose of all pharyngeal constrictor muscles?

A

narrow the diameter of the pharynx

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6
Q

Is the tensor veli palatini active during speech or swallowing or both?

A

swallowing

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7
Q

the tensor veli palatini muscle is or is not involved in the VP opening or closing?

A

NOT

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8
Q

What muscle forms the posterior faucial pilliar?

A

palatopharyngeous

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9
Q

is the levator veli palatini a VP closer or opener?

A

closer

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10
Q

What is the function of the palatoglossus?

A

depress the soft palate and elevates tongue
narrow the orpharyngeal isthmus when swallowing

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11
Q

What is the origin, course, and insertion for the levator veli palatini muscle?

A

origin: tympanic part of the temporal bone
course: down and forward
insertion: palatine aponeurosis (supports the soft palate muscles)

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12
Q

the levator veli palatini elevates and retracts the posterior portion of the _____

A

velum

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13
Q

contraction of the levator veli palatini helps to ______ (close/open) the VP

A

close

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14
Q

What muscle forms the anterior faucial pillar?

A

palatoglossus

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15
Q

what is the purpose of the hard plate?

A

separate the oral and nasal cavities

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16
Q

velopharyngeal mechanism is incapable of separating the oral and nasal cavities during swallowing and speech, is called what?

A

velopharyngeal incompetence

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17
Q

too little sound into the nasal cavity during speech is known as what?

A

hyponasality

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18
Q

the posterior 1/3 is the _____ plate

A

soft plate

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19
Q

what muscle helps pull the pharyngeal walls medially during VP closing?

A

palatopharyngeous muscle

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20
Q

at what age do normal tonsil cells degenerate or atrophy?

A

~16 years old

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21
Q

what allows for pressure equilibration between the atmosphere and the middle ear and fluid drainage when open?

A

eustachian tubes

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22
Q

What is the function of the tensor veli palatini?

A

-tenses the soft palate
-assists the levator veli palatini in elevating the palate
-occlude and prevent entry of food into the nasopharynx during swallowing

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23
Q

is the palatoglossus a VP closer or opener?

A

opener

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24
Q

velopharyngeal mechanism adequately closes the port during swallowing and speech, is called what?

A

velopharyngeal competence

25
Q

What are the two depressors?

A
  1. palatoglossus muscle
  2. palatopharyngeal muscle
26
Q

what is the origin and insertion of the tensor veli palatini?

A

origin: ptyergoid of the sphenoid
insertion: palatal aponeurosis

27
Q

when the oral and nasal cavities are separated, is this a closed or open VP?

A

closed

28
Q

is the tensor veli palatini a VP closer or opener?

A

closer

29
Q

for nasal breathing and production of nasal sounds, is the valve open or closed?

A

open

30
Q

velar elevation is lowers for what type of sounds (oral or nasal)?

A

nasals

31
Q

is the musculus uvulae a VP closer or opener?

A

closer

32
Q

what are tonsils made out of?

A

lymphoid tissue

33
Q

adenoid pads may assist in velar closure or opening?

A

closure

34
Q

velar elevation ________ for high vowels than low

A

greater

35
Q

The anterior 2/3 is the _____ plate

A

hard plate

36
Q

The palatoglossus contracts to depress the _____ palate

A

soft

37
Q

velar elevation ________ for high pressure consonants than lower pressure consonants and semivowels

A

higher

38
Q

What muscle(s) is active during both swallowing and speech production?

A

levator veli palatini
musculus uvulae

39
Q

too much sound into the nasal cavity during speech is known as what?

A

hypernasality

40
Q

What are the two purposes of the velum?

A
  1. velopharyngeal port
  2. control of VP is critical for resonance
41
Q

the palatoglossus may be an ____________ muscle to the levator veli palatini

A

antagonist

42
Q

is the palatopharygeous a VP closer or opener?

A

both

43
Q

when the oral and nasal cavities are connected, is this a closed or open VP?

A

open

44
Q

low vowels may be associated with some velar _____ (opening/closing)

A

opening

45
Q

What forms the boundary between the oral cavity and the oropharynx?

A

faucial pillars

46
Q

What is the origin of the palatopharyngeus (anterior and posterior)? As well as the course and insertion

A

origin: anterior fibers-hard palate, posterior fibers-soft palate midline
course: laterally and down
insertion: upper border o the posterior thyroid cartilage

47
Q

what is the origin, course, and insertion of the palatoglossus muscle?

A

origin: palatal aponeurosis
course: down
insertion: each side of posterior tongue

48
Q

What is the VP made up of (3 things)?

A
  1. lateral pharyngeal walls
  2. posterior pharyngeal wall
  3. velum
49
Q

is the musculus uvulae active during swallowing, speech, or both?

A

both

50
Q

what is the function of the levator veli palatini?

A

primary elevator of the soft palate

51
Q

When the tensor veli palatini contracts what opens?

A

the eustachian tubes

52
Q

What happens when the musculus uvulae contracts?

A

a bulge on the posterior part of the nasal surface of the velum

53
Q

for swallowing and production or oral sounds, is the valve open or closed?

A

closed

54
Q

What are the three speech sounds the require the soft palate be lowered?

A

m,n,ng

55
Q

is the superior pharyngeal constrictor a VP closer or opener?

A

closer

56
Q

what is the tensor veli palatini muscle innervated by? What about the levator veli palatini?

A

tensor - CN V (trigeminal)
levator - CN X (vagus)

57
Q

The levator veli palatini is important for also preventing ______ from entering the nasopharynx during swallowing

A

food

58
Q

What is the function of the palatopharyngeus?

A

lowers/depresses soft palate
narrows orpharyngeal cavity by pulling lateral and posterior pharyngeal walls medially

A&P for SLP (23 decks)

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