Tongue Muscles Flashcards
What is the function of the palatoglossus muscle?
elevates the back of tongue and lower the soft palate and aids in the initiation of swallowing
what muscle helps us make the sounds /t/, /d/, /s/, /z/?
posterior genioglossus
What is the vallate papillae?
taste buds
The _______ _______ septum is a band of fibrous tissue that runs down the center of the tongue
medium fibrous septum
The lingual frenum is a ________ membrane
mucous
What is the tongue mainly made up of?
muscles
What is the origin and insertion of the styloglossus muscle?
origin: styloid process of the temporal bone
insertion: inferior sides of the tongue
How are the intrinsic muscles innervated?
hypoglossal XII
What muscles can tense or relax the tongue (intrinsic or extrinsic?)
intrinsic
This intrinsic muscles elevates the tongue tip, deviates tongue tip, and aids in retracting the tongue tip/shortening the tongue
Superior longitudinal
What nerve innervates the anterior 2/3 (body) of the tongue?
Facial nerve VII
Do intrinsic or extrinsic muscles position the tongue?
extrinsic
Contraction of the anterior fibers of the genioglossus does what to the tongue?
retract tongue
a disorder where the band of tissue that attaches the tongue to the floor of the mouth is too short, also known as tongue tied
ankyloglossia
What are the three functions of the tongue?
- gustatory sense
- swallowing
- speech articulation
Do intrinsic or extrinsic muscles make up the tongue body itself and SHAPE the tongue?
intrinsic
What muscle helps with back sounds (i.e., eeeeee-yuh)?
hyoglossus muscle
What is the function of the hyoglossus muscle?
to draw the tongue back and downward toward the hyoid bone, needed for back sounds (i.e., eeeeeeee-yuh)
This intrinsic muscle flattens and broadens the tongue, pulls the tongue into floor of mouth
Vertical
All of the extrinsic muscles are innervated by _________ besides the _______ muscle, which is innervated by the vagus nerve
hypoglossal (XII), palatoglossus
What muscle aids in the initiation of swallowing?
palatoglossus
This intrinsic muscle runs along the length of the tongue and comprises the upper layer of the tongue
Superior longitudinal
tongue clipping surgery is called what?
frenectomy
What extrinsic muscle forms the anterior faucial pillar?
palatoglossus muscle
This intrinsic muscle pulls tongue tip down, deviates tongue tip, and aids in retraction of tongue tip/shortening of the tongue
Inferior longitudinal
What is the function of the styloglossus muscle?
to draw the tongue backward and upward, back high vowels (i.e., lOOk, cOOk, QUiet)
What tongue muscle is the biggest and strongest muscle?
genioglossus
What is the origin and insertion of the palatoglossus muscle?
origin: soft palate
insertion: sides of the posterior tongue
What is the origin and insertion of the hyoglossus muscle?
origin: hyoid bone
insertion: sides of the tongue
What extrinsic muscle helps with high back vowels?
styloglossus muscle
What extrinsic muscle connects the soft palate to the side of the tongue?
palatoglossus muscle
What happens when all the fibers of the genioglossus contract?
tongue down making the dorsum trough-like
This intrinsic muscle pulls the edges of the tongue toward the midline and narrows and bulges the tongue
Transverse
where the lingual muscles attach is called the what?
median sulcus
Contraction of the posterior fibers of the genioglossus does what to the tongue?
protrude tongue
i.e., stick out your tongue or press tongue tip against the teeth or alveolar ridge (lingua-dental and lingua-alveolar phonemes)
What nerve innervates the posterior 1/3 (root) of the tongue?
glossopharyngeal nerve IX
What is the origin and insertion for the genioglossus?
origin: genio (chin/lower mandible)
insertion: tongue and hyoid bone
