Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

MSK > Vasculitis > Flashcards

Vasculitis Flashcards

1
Q

Vasculitis

A

Inflammation of blood vessels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Vasculitis Pathogenesis

A

An inflammatory process causes transcription factor and collagen to be exposed.
Leads to the formation of a thrombosis.
The vessel wall becomes leaky.
Leading to aneurysm.
Fibrosis occurs due to fibrin deposition.
Thrombosis and fibrosis narrow the vessel.
Leading to Reduced Blood Flow.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Vasculitis Vessel Changes

A

Vessel Wall thickening.
Vessel Stenosis
Occlusion of vessels with subsequent infarction.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Large Vessel Vasculitis Types (2)

A

Giant cell arteritis

Takayasu Arteritis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Large Vessel Vasculitis Early Features

A 
Malaise
night Sweats
Weight loss 
Arthralgia
Fatigue
Claudicant Symptoms
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Large Vessel Vasculitis Late Features

A

Vascular Stenosis
Aneurysms
Reduced pulses and bruit.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Large Vessel Vasculitis possible signs

A

Reduced pulses

Carotid Bruit

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Giant Cell Arteritis - Arteries affected (3)

A

Temporal Artery
Opthalmis Artery
Facial Arteries
- jaw claudication if in facial arteries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Giant Cell Arteritis Epidemiology

A

Most common in women >50

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Giant Cell Arteritis Histology

A

Granulomas are present in the elastic lamina

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Takayasu Arteritis - Arteries affected

A

Affects the arteries off off the aortic arch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Takayasu Arteritis Epidemiology

A

Most common in Asian Women <40

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Large Vessel Vasculitis Treatment

A

Treatment with 40-60mg Prednisolone

-Gradually reduced

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Medium Vessel Vasculitis Types (3)

A

Kawasaki Disease
Polyarteritis Nodosa
Buerger’s Disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Kawasaki Disease Features

A 
Conjunctivitis
Rash over body
Adenopathy
Strawberry Tongue
Hands and feet swelling 
Fever
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Kawasaki Disease Treatment

A

Self-limiting.

Can be treated with IV Ig and Aspirin

17
Q

Polyarteritis Nodosa Pathology

A

Immune cells directly attack the endothelial cells.

Causes transmural necrosis. Leaves vessels prone to aneurysm.

18
Q

Polyarthritis Nodosa Investigations

A

Angiogram

-‘string of beads’

19
Q

Polyarthritis Nodosa Features

A

Can affect renal. lung and GI

  • If renal, can lead to hypertension
  • If GI, can lead to abdominal pain and GI bleeding
20
Q

Buerger’s Disease

A

Affecting vessels in fingers and toes

21
Q

Buerger’s Disease Risk Factor

A

Tobacco Use

22
Q

Buerger’s Disease Features

A

Blood clots occur.

Cause ulceration, auto-amputation and necrosis

23
Q

Small Vessel Vasculitis Types (4)

A
  1. Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis (GPA)
  2. Microscopic Polyangiitis (MPA)
  3. Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA)
  4. Henloch Schonlein Purpur
24
Q

Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis (GPA) Epidemiology

A

More common in men

Typical age 35-55

25
Q

Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis (GPA) Pathology

A

Granulomatous Inflammation of respiratory tract, small and medium vessels.

26
Q

Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis (GPA) Features

A 
Affects nasopharynx, lungs and kidneys 
Sinusitis 
Bloody mucus
Saddle Nose Deformities
Difficulty Breathing 
Relapse is common
27
Q

Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis (GPA) Investigations

A

cANCA +ve

anti-PR3

28
Q

Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis (GPA) Treatment

A

ANCA +ve vasculitis treated with IV steroids and cyclophosphamide

29
Q

Microscopic Polyangiitis (MPA)

A

necrotising vasculitis with few immune deposits.

30
Q

Microscopic Polyangiitis (MPA) Features

A

Doesn’t affect nasopharynx
No granulomas present
Can cause glomerulonephritis

31
Q

Microscopic Polyangiitis (MPA) Investigations

A

pANCA +ve

High eosinophil count.

32
Q

Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA)

A

Eosinophilic granulomatous inflammation of respiratory tract, small and medium vessels.

33
Q

Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA) Affected Sites

A 
Sinuses
Lungs
GI
Kidneys
Skin
nerve
Heart
34
Q

Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA) Features

A

Granulomas are present

Associated with asthma

35
Q

Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA) Investigations

A

Anti-MPO
anti-PR3
Increased eosinophils
No ANCA

36
Q

Henloch Schonlein Purpura

A

Non-ANCA Vasculitis

Acute IgA mediated disorder

Often past history of URTI

37
Q

Henloch Schonlein Purpura Pathology

A

IgA targets endothelial cells via molecular mimicry

38
Q

Henloch Schonlein Purpur Features

A

palpable purpura due to fibrosis occurring in affected vessel

  • over buttocks and lower legs
  • abdominal pain
  • vomiting
  • joint pain

Can occur in GI tract and kidneys
GI- Haematuria
Renal- IgA Nephropathy

39
Q

Henloch Schonlein Purpura Treatment

A

Can spontaneously resolve
Self limiting
Does not require treatment

MSK (35 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions