Hip Fractures Flashcards
Main blood supply to femoral head
Anastomosis ring
- Medial and lateral circumflex arteries from the profound femoral artery
IntIntracapsular Risks
AVN
Intracapsular fracture treatment
Hemiarthroplasty
- reduced mobility
- cognitive impairment
Total Hip Replacement
- mobile patients.
- no cognitive impairment
- more likely to dislocate
Extracapsular
Blood supply to femoral head remains intact and there is a much higher union rate
Extracapsular treatment
Internal fixation
- compression
- dynamic hip screw
Subtrochanteric fracture epidemiology
Elderly patients with osteoporosis
- fall onto side
Subtrochanteric fracture treatment
Intramedullary nail
- takes a long time to heal
- poor blood supply
- non-union frequently occurs
Femoral shaft fracture epidemiology
High energy injuries
- patients with no comorbidities
Stress fracture associations
Osteoporosis
Metastatic Disease
Paget’s Disease
Long term biphosphonate use
Femoral Shaft fractures dangers
High blood loss
Fat embolism
- confusion
- hypoxia
- ARDS
Femoral shaft fracture treatment
Analgesia
- with femoral nerve block
Application of Thomas Splint
Closed reduction and stabilisation with intramedullary nail
Minimally invasive plate fixation
