Vasculature organization Flashcards
what is enterobrosis
perforated bowel
what are the layers of peritoneum and what does it secrete
parietal and visceral. secrete serous fluid
what are the peritonealized organs
stomach, spleen, parts 1 and 4 of duodenum, jejunum, ileum, transverse and sigmoid colon
what is the definition of a primary retroperitoneal organ
posterior to peritoneum no mesentery
what are the primary retroperitoneal organs
kidneys ureters and suprarenal glands
what is the definition of a secondary retroperitoneal organ
organ was peritonealized and associated with a mesentery.
later the mesentery is pushed against post wall and fuses with parietal pertoneum
what organs are secondary retroperitoneal organs
duodenum, ascending and descending colon, pancreas
What is peritonitis
inflammation of peritoneum
what are common causes of pertonitis
inflammation of organs, surgery, trauma, ascites, ulcers
why is peritonitis very painful and localized
richly innervated by same somatic nerves which innervate the body wall
what is the innervation to the visceral peritoneum and what does it sense
autonomic–>chemical irritation rather than pain
what is a peritoneal adhesion
fusion of various parts of the peritoneal membranes
what causes peritoneal adhesions
inflammation of organs, surgery, trauma, ulcers
why is the pertoneum a good area for blood dialysis
because of blood and lymphatic supply
what is the general structure of the mesentery
double layer of peritoneum
what structures are included in dorsal mesentery
mesoesophagus, greater omemtum, splenorenal ligament, phrenicocolic ligament, mesentery proper, mesoappendix, transverse mesocolon, sigmoid mesocolon
what structure does the mesoesophagus cover
the final inch of esophagus
where does the greater momentum attach to
greater curvature of stomach
what are the ligaments associated with greater omentum
gastrocolic, gastrosplenic, gastrophrenic
where does the gastrophrenic lig attach to
fundus of stomach to diaphragm
where does the gastroclic lig attach to
stomach to transverse colon
where is the splenorenal ligament
from spleen to posterior body wall near kidney
where does the phrenicocolic ligament attach to
diaphragm to left colic fissure
where is the mesentery proper
small intestine
where is the mesoappendix
to appendix
where is the transverse mesocolon
to transverse colon
where is the sigmoid mesocolon
sigmoid colon
What structures lay under ventral mesentery
lesser omentum
falciform ligament
coronary ligament
triangular ligament
where does the lesser omemtum attach
lesser curvature of stomach/duodenum to liver
what ligaments are associated with lesser omentum
hepatogastric lig
hepatoduodenal lig
where is the falciform ligament
peritoneal attachment of liver to anterior body wall
contains ligamentum teres hepatis
whre are the coronary ligaments
pertoneal attachment of liver to inferior surface of diaphragm
where are the triangular ligaments
where anterior and posterior coronary ligaments meet
where is the pertonea cavity
space between visceral and parietal peritoneal layers
where is the lesser sac of the peritoneal cavity
omental bursa that lays posteiror to sotmach and lesser omentum
describe the recesses assoc with lesser sac
superior recess- bounded superiorly by diaphragm
inferior recess- between 2 layers of greater omentum
what are the various parts of the greater sac of the peritoneal cavity
supracolic compartment, infracolic compartment, and paracolic gutters
where is the supracolic compartment of the abdomen
superior to transverse mesocolon
what organs are found in the supracolic compartment
stomach, liver, spleen, gall bladder
where is the infracolic comparment of the pertoneal cavity
inferior to transverse mesocolon
what organs are withint the infracolic compartment
small intestine, ascending colon and descending colon
what separates the infracolic compartment into left and right
the mesentery proper
where are left and right paracolic gutters of the abdomen
between posterolateral body wall and ascending/descending colon
where is the epiploic foramen of Winslow
communcation between greater and lesser sacs
what are the boundaries of epiploic foramen
anterior- hepatoduodenal lig
post- IVC
superior- liver
inferior- first part of duodenum
what is ascites
excess fluid in peritoneal cavity
what happens if ascites fluid becomes purulent
could lead to abcesses
what can cause ascites
cirrhosis with portal hypertension, kidney failure, CHF, ruptured ulcer, abdominal cancers, internal bleeding
can fluid in the right or left infracolic compartment spread into pelvic peritoneal cavity
the left infra colic fluid can move into pelvic peritoneal cavity
the right comparment is preventes because ot the mesentery proper joining to cecum and ascending colon so must go left first
where do the paracolic gutters drain
the right opens to the hepatorenal and subphrenic recesses superiorly–>can cause abscesses here
the left is closes superiorly by phrenicocolic log
both these gutters will drain to pelvic pertoneal cavity
where does fluid in the supracolic compartment and hepatorenal recess go
through epiploic foramen to lesser sac
what are the 3 unparited anterior branches of abdominal aorta
celica a
superior mesenteric a
inferior mesenteric a
What level is the celiac trunk
T12
what does the celiac trunk supply
distal esophagus and second portion of duodenum
where does the celiac trunk anastomose with
SMA around duodenum and pancreas
what are the branches of the celiac trunk a
lesft gastric
common hepatic
splenic
what are the branches of left gastric a
esophageal a
accessory left hepatic a
what are the branches of the common hepatic a
gastroduodenal and proper and hepatic
what are the branches of gastroduodenal a
supraduodenal, retroduodenal, posterior superior pancreaticoduodenal a
anterior superio pancreaticoduodenal a
right gastrioepiploic
what are the branches of proper hepatic a
right gastric a
left hepatic a
right hepatic a
cystic a
what are the branches of splenic a
pancreatic branches, short gastric aa, left gastroepiploic a, splenic branches
what are the pancreatic branches of the splenic a
dorsal pancreatic,
pancreatica magna
caudal pancreatic aa
where does the superior mesenteric A supply
3rd part of duodenum to distal 2/3 of transverse colon
what level does the superior mesenteric a branch off aorta at
LV1
what does the superior mesenteric a anastomose with
inferior mesenteric a around distal 2/3 transverse colon
what are the branches of the superior mesenteric a
inferior pancreaticoduodenal middle colic jejunal a ileal branches right colic a ileocolic
what are the branches of the inferior pancreaticoduodenal a
anterior inferior pancreaticoduodenal
posterior inferior pancreaticoduodenal
what are the branches of the ileocolic
anteiror cecal a posterior cecal a appendicular a ileal a ascending colic a
what level does the inferior mesenteric a branch off aorta at
LV3
where does the inferior mesenteric artery supply
distal 1.3 of transverse colon to anorectal junction
what does the inferior mesenteric a anastomose with
middle and inferior rectal aa at the anorectal junction
what are the branches off the inferior mesenteric a
left colic
sigmoidal branches
superior rectal a
where do the veins of abdominal viscera drain
vena comitantes into hepatic portal vein
what is a portal vein
vein begins and ends in capillary bed
where is the first capillary bed in the heaptic portal vein system
in the wall of the abdominal GI tract( distal esophagus to rectum)
where is the second capillary bed in the abdomen
in the liver
where does the hepatic portal vein receive all its nutrients
from food digestion, secretions from accessory organs of digestion and products of RBC breakdown from spleen
what veins form portal vein
inferior mesenteric joins with splenic vein–>splenic merges with superior mesenteric vein around LV2
where does the portal vein travel in
portal triad within hepatoduodenal ligament to liver
What is unique to the portal venous system
no valves
why is the no valve portal system important
if the portal vein gets blocked, blood can reverse flow into the IVC to enter heart
Describe esophageal varices
dilated veins from esophageal veins (tributary to SVC) and left gastric vein (tributary to portal system)
describe caput medusa
dilated veins of superior and inferior epigastric veins (tibrutaries of IVC and SVC) paraumbilical veins (tributary to portal system)
describe hemorrhoids
dilate veins of middle and inferior rectal veins (tribuatires of IVC)
dilated superior rectal veins (tributary to portal system)
describe the dilate veins in the retropreitoneal region
gonadal and renal veins (tirbutary to IVC)
ileocolic, right, middle, left colic veins (tributary to portal system)
