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GI I > oral cavity histology > Flashcards

oral cavity histology Flashcards

1
Q

what is the definition of digestion

A

food converted into absorbable substances, happens “outside” body

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2
Q

what is the definition of digestion

A

food converted into absorbable substances, happens “outside” body

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3
Q

what is the definition of digestion

A

food converted into absorbable substances, happens “outside” body

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4
Q

What are the functions of the oral cavity

A

ingestion, mastication, deglutition

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5
Q

what are the functions of the alimentary canal

A

deglutition
digestion
absorption
elimination

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6
Q

What are the anterior and psoterior borders of the mouth

A

anterior are the lips and posterior is the palatoglossal folds

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7
Q

describe the wall of the oral cavity

A

lined by a mucosa composed of stratified squamous non cornified epithelium with underlaying CT

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8
Q

what parts of the oral cavity have a partially cornified to completely cornified area

A

lips, gingiva and hard palate

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9
Q

What are the 3 main salivary glands

A

parotid
submandibular
sublingual

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10
Q

what type of secretion is the parotid gland?
submandibular?
sublingual?

A

parotid is serous
submandibular is mixed serous and mucous
sublingual is largely mucous

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11
Q

what is the role os salivary amylase

A

break down carbohydrates

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12
Q

what enzymes are found in saliva

A

salivary amylase
lactoferrin and lysozymes
secretory Ig

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13
Q

what is lactoferrin and lysozymes good for

A

antibacterial agents

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14
Q

what is the main Ig found in oral cavity

A

IgA

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15
Q

where are the extra minor salivary glands found

A

CT elements of oral mucosa

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16
Q

which salivary gland is the biggest

A

parotid

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17
Q

what is the structure of the parotid gland

A

tubulo acinar gland

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18
Q

what is a defining characteristic of the parotid gland

A

adipose tissue in the gland

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19
Q

what is the primary product of the parotid gland

A

salivary amylase

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20
Q

Which gland accounts for majority of saliva

A

the submandibular

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21
Q

how do submandibular gland cells look on histo

A

serous demilunes are the secreting cells

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22
Q

what do submandiblar glands secrete

A

salivary amylase and mucins via serous cells and mucous cells

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23
Q

describe characterristics of sublingual glands

A

many more mucous cells than submandibular still some serous demilunes

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24
Q

What are the three layers of the lips

A

external, vermillion and internal

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25
Q

describe the vermillion zone of lips

A

pink region with extensive dermal papillae to increase SA and many many capillary loops
devoid of hair and sweat glands

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26
Q

what gives lips their color

A

vermillion area

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27
Q

describe the vermillion zone of lips

A

pink region with extensive dermal papillae to increase SA and many many capillary loops
devoid of hair and sweat glands

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28
Q

What are the functions of the oral cavity

A

ingestion, mastication, deglutition

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29
Q

what are the functions of the alimentary canal

A

deglutition
digestion
absorption
elimination

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30
Q

What are the anterior and psoterior borders of the mouth

A

anterior are the lips and posterior is the palatoglossal folds

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31
Q

describe the wall of the oral cavity

A

lined by a mucosa composed of stratified squamous non cornified epithelium with underlaying CT

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32
Q

what parts of the oral cavity have a partially cornified to completely cornified area

A

lips, gingiva and hard palate

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33
Q

What are the 3 main salivary glands

A

parotid
submandibular
sublingual

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34
Q

what type of secretion is the parotid gland?
submandibular?
sublingual?

A

parotid is serous
submandibular is mixed serous and mucous
sublingual is largely mucous

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35
Q

what is the role os salivary amylase

A

break down carbohydrates

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36
Q

what enzymes are found in saliva

A

salivary amylase
lactoferrin and lysozymes
secretory Ig

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37
Q

what is lactoferrin and lysozymes good for

A

antibacterial agents

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38
Q

what is the main Ig found in oral cavity

A

IgA

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39
Q

where are the extra minor salivary glands found

A

CT elements of oral mucosa

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40
Q

which salivary gland is the biggest

A

parotid

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41
Q

what is the structure of the parotid gland

A

tubulo acinar gland

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42
Q

what is a defining characteristic of the parotid gland

A

adipose tissue in the gland

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43
Q

what is the primary product of the parotid gland

A

salivary amylase

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44
Q

Which gland accounts for majority of saliva

A

the submandibular

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45
Q

how do submandibular gland cells look on histo

A

serous demilunes are the secreting cells

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46
Q

what do submandiblar glands secrete

A

salivary amylase and mucins via serous cells and mucous cells

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47
Q

describe characterristics of sublingual glands

A

many more mucous cells than submandibular still some serous demilunes

48
Q

what are the intrinsic mm of the tongue

A

superior longitudinal
inferior longitudinal
vertical
transverse

49
Q

describe the external aspect of lip

A

normal thin skin layer and is continous with vermillion border

50
Q

what gives lips their color

A

vermillion area

51
Q

describe the vermillion zone of lips

A

pink region with extensive dermal papillae to increase SA and many many capillary loops
devoid of hair and sweat glands

52
Q

What are the functions of the oral cavity

A

ingestion, mastication, deglutition

53
Q

what are the functions of the alimentary canal

A

deglutition
digestion
absorption
elimination

54
Q

What are the anterior and psoterior borders of the mouth

A

anterior are the lips and posterior is the palatoglossal folds

55
Q

describe the wall of the oral cavity

A

lined by a mucosa composed of stratified squamous non cornified epithelium with underlaying CT

56
Q

what parts of the oral cavity have a partially cornified to completely cornified area

A

lips, gingiva and hard palate

57
Q

What are the 3 main salivary glands

A

parotid
submandibular
sublingual

58
Q

what type of secretion is the parotid gland?
submandibular?
sublingual?

A

parotid is serous
submandibular is mixed serous and mucous
sublingual is largely mucous

59
Q

what is the role os salivary amylase

A

break down carbohydrates

60
Q

what enzymes are found in saliva

A

salivary amylase
lactoferrin and lysozymes
secretory Ig

61
Q

what is lactoferrin and lysozymes good for

A

antibacterial agents

62
Q

what is the main Ig found in oral cavity

63
Q

where are the extra minor salivary glands found

A

CT elements of oral mucosa

64
Q

which salivary gland is the biggest

65
Q

what is the structure of the parotid gland

A

tubulo acinar gland

66
Q

what is a defining characteristic of the parotid gland

A

adipose tissue in the gland

67
Q

what is the primary product of the parotid gland

A

salivary amylase

68
Q

Which gland accounts for majority of saliva

A

the submandibular

69
Q

how do submandibular gland cells look on histo

A

serous demilunes are the secreting cells

70
Q

what do submandiblar glands secrete

A

salivary amylase and mucins via serous cells and mucous cells

71
Q

describe characterristics of sublingual glands

A

many more mucous cells than submandibular still some serous demilunes

72
Q

What are the three layers of the lips

A

external, vermillion and internal

73
Q

describe the external aspect of lip

A

normal thin skin layer and is continous with vermillion border

74
Q

what gives lips their color

A

vermillion area

75
Q

describe the vermillion zone of lips

A

pink region with extensive dermal papillae to increase SA and many many capillary loops
devoid of hair and sweat glands

76
Q

describe the internal aspect of the lip

A

always wet with stratified squamous wet epithelium

dense irregular CT underlying with many minor salivary glands

77
Q

describe the sets of teeth in humans

A 
20 decidious (milk teeth) when little
replaced by 32 permanent dvided into 20 succedaneous teeth and 12 molars
78
Q

what is the visible portion of the tooth called

79
Q

what is the root of the tooth

A

region housed within alveolus which is the bony socket that the tooth sits in

80
Q

what is the cervix portion of the tooth

A

between crown and root

81
Q

what are the 3 substances the teeth are composed of

A

enamel, dentin and cementum

82
Q

what structure produces enamel

A

ameloblasts

83
Q

what structure produces dentin

A

odontoblasts

84
Q

What is whithin the root canal of the teeth

A

gelatinous CT pulp

85
Q

what is the apical foramen of the tooth

A

a passage for blood and lymph and nerves

86
Q

what atructure of the teeth seals the cavity from subepithelial CT

A

the gingiva (gums)

87
Q

what is the periodontal ligament

A

dense collagenous CT to bind tooth into the socket

88
Q

what type of epithelium is on gums

A

stratified squamous epithelium partially cornified with dense irregular CT
collagen type I

89
Q

what atttaches the epithelium lining of gums to the enamel surface

A

hemidesmosomes to form a barrier

90
Q

Where is the hard palate in the mouth and describe epithelium

A

anterior

stratified spumous epitheluim cornfield with dense irregular CT

91
Q

what does the hard palate have also anteriorly? posteriorly?

A

anterior is the clusters of adipose

posterior are minor salivary glands

92
Q

where is the soft palate

A

posterior roof

93
Q

describe the epithelium of the soft palate

A

stratified squamous noncornified with subjacent dense irregular CR and minor mucous salivary glands

94
Q

what is the posterior extension of the soft palate and its epithelium

A

uvula lined by stratified squamous non-cornified epithelium

95
Q

what type of glands are on uvula and what other cell type

A

serous and seromucous glands as well as muscular tissue

96
Q

what are the functions of the uvula

A

help in speech and also to prevent reflux into nasal cavity during swallowing

97
Q

what are the 2 muscle groups in the tongue

A

extrinsic muscles and intrinsic

98
Q

what are the intrinsic mm of the tongue

A

superior longitudinal
inferior longitudinal
vertical
transverse

99
Q

why are the inferior longitudinal m shorter than ithe superior in the tongue

A

because the root of the tongue takes alot of space

100
Q

what type of glands are found in tongue

A

mucous- glands of nuhn

serous- von ebners

101
Q

what are the regions of the tongue

A

anteriore 2/3
posterior 1/3
separated by sulcus terminalis that has the foramen cecum

102
Q

what covers the surface of the anterior 2/3s

A

lingual papillae

103
Q

what are the 4 types of lingual papillae and wehre they are found

A

filiform papillae dorsolateral
fungiform to the dorsal surface
circumvallate anterior to sulcus terminale
foliate dorsal

104
Q

what is the structure of the filiform papillae of the tongue

A

slender partially velvet appearance
stratified squamous cornified epithelium
function to scrape food off surface
do not have taste buds

105
Q

describe fungiform papillae

A

look like mushroom
covered in stratified squamous non cornfield with red dots from subepithelial capillaries
do have taste buds on the dorsal aspect

106
Q

describe circumvallate papillae

A

8-12 in V shape surrounded by epithelial lined groove
hace von ebner salivary glands into groove
tast buds are within the epithelium of the groove, not on the dorsum

107
Q

describe foliate papillae

A

along posterolateral aspect in vertical furrows with functional taste buds as a neonate
slender ducts of serous minor glands empty into base of furrows located near core of tongue

108
Q

when do the foliate taste buds disappear

A

2nd or 3rd year

109
Q

what are taste buds

A

intraepithelial sensory organs

110
Q

describe shape of taste buds

A

60-80 spindle shaped cells with a pore than opens onto squamous epithelium overlying taste bud

111
Q

what are the 3 types of cells found in taste buds

A

gustatory
sustentacular
basal cells (progenitors)

112
Q

describe the general structure of the cells found on taste buds

A

long slender microvilli called taste hairs

113
Q

which taste bud cell is responsible for regeneration

114
Q

what are the 5 primary taste sensaions and divide them into 2 mechanisms

A

ion channels: salty and sour

membrane R: sweet bitter and savory (umami)

115
Q

the nerve fibers that enter the taste bud synapse on what type of cell

116
Q

how many tastes can one individual taste bud detect

GI I (14 decks)

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