Vascular Diseases and CNS

Question 1

Symptoms of stroke in ICA

Answer 1

Transient Monocular blindness, headache, bruit, syncope and headache.

Question 2

Symptoms of stroke: Middle Cerebral Artery

Answer 2

Paralysis of contralateral face, arm, leg, sensory impairment, motor/speech disorder, central aphasia, apraxia, homonymous hemianopia, paralysis of conjugate gaze

Question 3

Symptoms of stroke Anterior Cerebral Artery

Answer 3

Paraylysis of opposite foot and leg, mild paresis of opposite arm, sensory loss over foot and leg, SPARING of HEAD AND FACE

Question 4

Symptoms of stroke Anterior Choroidal artery

Answer 4

Severe contralateral motor sensory impairment, visual imparment, well presevered language and cognitive function.

Question 5

Symptoms of stroke Posterior cerebral artery

Answer 5

Wide variety of brain stem, temporal, occipatal defects

Question 6

Symptoms of stroke Vertebral artery

Answer 6

coma, memory deficits, akinetic mutism, visual hallucinations, ocular movment disorders, agitation (ALSO commonly a cause of Lateral Medullary Syndrome/Wallenburg)

Question 7

Symptoms of stroke Basilar Artery

Answer 7

brain stem syndrome, crossed cranial nerves + long tract sensory loss

Question 8

Symptoms of stroke Basilar Branch- PICA

Answer 8

Lateral Medullary syndrome: Contralateral loss of pain/temp and ipsilateral facial loss of pain/temp along with. possible vertigo, nausea, vomiting, nystagmus, dysarthria, dyphagia and dysphonia and horner syndrome

Question 9

Symptoms of stroke lacunar syndromes

Answer 9

typically pure hemimotor or hemisensory deficits

Question 10

Characteristics of Thrombotic Strokes

Answer 10

Usually preceded by TIA, deficits are more gradual, and improve slowly if at all, poststroke depression is common

Question 11

Characteristics of embolic strokes

Answer 11

Onset is sudden, no prodromal symptoms, associated with A fib, history of MI, vascular heart disease, prosthetic valves.

Question 12

General Symptoms of a stroke

Answer 12

Hemiplegia, confusion, sensory deficits, numbness, aphasia, visual field deficits, double vision, dysarthria

Question 13

Hypertensive Encephalopahty

Answer 13

Vomiting, reactive hypertension, headache, nuchal rigidity, high diastolic pressure (>125) visual disturbances, confusion, papilledema

Question 14

Prevalence of post stroke depression (all types)

Answer 14

50%

Question 15

Prevalence of post stroke MDD

Answer 15

20% usually with left frontal or left basal ganglia lesions

Question 16

Prevalence of post stroke minor depressions

Answer 16

10-40% usually with left posterior parietal or occipatal lesions

Question 17

Prevalence of post stroke anxiety

Answer 17

> 25%

Question 18

Prevalence of post stroke pathological laughing and crying syndrome (psuedobulbar affect)

Answer 18

20% typically associated with bilateral hemispheric lesions

Question 19

What lesion usually causes apathy

Answer 19

Posterior internal capsulations stroke

Question 20

Anosognosia is associated with

Answer 20

right hemisphere lesions

Question 21

What is catastrophic reaction

Answer 21

Anxiety, aggression, swearing- related to left anterior subcortical lesions

Question 22

What is the prevalence of post stroke anosognosia

Answer 22

25-40%

Question 23

What is the prevalence of post stroke apathy

Answer 23

33%