Vanijzendoorn Flashcards

1
Q

What is the aim of Vanijzendoorn

A

To look for cross-cultural differences in attachment types

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2
Q

What was the sample size of Vanijzendorn

A

1990

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3
Q

How many cultures were involved in Vanijzendoorn

A

8

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4
Q

How many studies were used in Vanijzendoorn?

A

32

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5
Q

What method was vanijzendoorn?

A

Meta-analysis

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6
Q

What study method was vanijzendoorn looking at across cultures?

A

Strange Situation

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7
Q

What filters were put in place to select the studies in Vanijzendoorn?

A

only mothers and children, samples had to be larger than 35, no SEN kids and only studies looking at the 3 types of attachment

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8
Q

What was the most common type of attachment around the world-every culture (in all but 1 study)?

A

Secure

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9
Q

Which culture had the highest rate of secure children?

A

Great Britain (75%)

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10
Q

Which culture had the lowest rate of secure children?

A

China (50%)

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11
Q

Which culture had the highest rate of avoidant children?

A

West Germany (35.3%)

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12
Q

Which culture had the lowest rate of avoidant children?

A

Japan (5.2%)

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13
Q

Which culture had the lowest rate of resistant children?

A

Great Britain (2.8%)

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14
Q

Which culture had the highest rate of resistant children?

A

Israel (28.8%)

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15
Q

Which culture had the highest rate of resistant children?

A

Israel (28.8%)

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16
Q

The difference within cultures was greater than the difference between cultures?

A

True- 1.5x greater

17
Q

The strange situation procedure used by Vanijzendoorn is ethnocentric?

A

True- It is a westernised procedure and has been theorised not to work in Japan

18
Q

What is a strength of the sample of Vanijzendoorn?

A

It included 8 different cultures so we can say it isn’t ethnocentric

19
Q

Which of these is a problem with the sample of Vanijzendoorn?

A

Despite using 8 cultures there is still an imbalance i.e. collectivist vs individualistic AND it only included mothers

20
Q

A problem with a meta-analysis?

A

Publication bias of the chosen studies

21
Q

What effect do the filters have on the validity of this study?

A

Makes it more valid as it eliminates evs e.g. learning disabilities, relationships with others etc

22
Q

Kagan criticised Ainsworth saying

A

Attachment type is due to a child’s temperament rather than parental behavious

23
Q

Main and Solomon criticised Ainsworth saying

A

There is at least one other type of attachment (disorganised) so her study/theory ignores this

24
Q

What is a strength of Strange Situation for reliablity?

A

It can be replicated to test for reliability in the results about attachment types because it is standardised with the same 8 steps for each child

25
Q

Is Vanijzendoorn reliable?

A

Yes the meta-analysis procedure and the filters etc are replicable because they are standardised

26
Q

What is a weakness of conducting the strange situation as a structured observation?

A

It is low in ecological validity because the situation the children are in is artificial and might not apply to how they’d really be separated from mother

27
Q

The study was a controlled environment (in the artifical playroom) we controlled meaning?

A

It is more valid as situational variables like the setting and stranger behaviour don’t influence the children’s behaviour

28
Q

Which EV might effect the results on this study about attachment type

A

whether the child is used to being with others i.e. going to daycare

29
Q

What is the main ethical issue we could say about Ainsworth?

A

Protection from harm as the babies were upset by their mother leaving