Vancomycin

Question 1

Sourses ?

Answer 1

Natural

Question 2

Obtained by ?

Answer 2

Streptoccus orientalis

Question 3

Chemical ?

Answer 3

Glycopeptides

Question 4

Antibacterial spectrum ?

Answer 4

Is mainly active against Gram positive bacteria . sensitive strains incluyde :-

• staphyllococcus aureus
• strep.pneumonia
• enterococcus spp
• lacto bacillus
• staph.hemolyticus
• staph.epidermis
• corynebacterium spp
• clostridium spp
• strep.viridans

Question 5

Pharmacokinetics ?

Answer 5

( 1450 - OH water soluble )
Poorly absorbed by oral route , so is administered intravenously , partially bound to plasma proteins, distribution is wide in all body tissues including CSF .not significantly affected by metabolism (90% of the dose is excreted unchanged ) Excretion is renal

Question 6

Mode of action ?

Answer 6

Vancomycin inhibits synthesis of the cell wall in sensitive bacteria - is bactericidal

Question 7

Therapeutic uses ?

Answer 7

1- psendomembranous colitis ( anerobic colistridym [ oral ] ).
2- serious infections resistant to other antibacterials.
3- diphtheria
4- endocarditis

Question 8

Adverse effects ?

Answer 8

• hypersensitivity :- muscular rash and anaphylaxis .
  Phebitis and pain at injection site
• IV. Administration in infusion form may cause chills, tachycardias and flashing

Question 9

Dose ?

Answer 9

125-250 mg 6 hourly for at least 4 days.