Cephalosporins Flashcards
What is type of antibiotic ?
B-lactam
Sourse?
Natural
Obtained from ?
Cephalosrium acremonium
Sardiniam fungus
Chemical?
All cephalosprins contain the B-lactam ring 7- amino cephalos poranic acid
Pharmacokinetiics ?
Have good oral absorption cephalexin,cephradine ,cefaclor , cefadroxil , cefixime ,cefureoxime , so are usually administered by oral route . two cephalosporins are administered only intravenoualy (IV) because intramuscular injection is painful, these are cephatothin and cephapirin . others can be administered either intramuscularly or intravenoualy. Distribution is rapid ,metabolism is hepatic . excretion is mainly by kidneys . cephalosporin which penetrate BBB include cefureoxime, cefotaxime , ceftiloxime
Cephalosporins having good oral absorption ?
Cephalexin Cephradine Cefaclor Cefadroxil Cefixime Cefuroxime
Two cephalosporins are administered only intravenoualy (IV) ?
Cephatothin
Cephapirin
Why tow cephalosporins are administered only intravenoualy?
Because intramuscular injection is painful
Cephalosporins which penetrate BBB include ?
Cefuroxime
Cefotaxime
Ceftiloxime
Spectrum
Broad spectrum ( meke pp) Moraxella catarrhalis E.coli Klebsella ssp Enterobacteriaceae Proteus mirabilis Pscudomonas aeruginosa
Therapentic uses ?
(Up ubrn ) Upper and lower respiratory tract infections Post operative prophylaxis Urinary tract infections Bacterial meningitis Resistant pneumonia Neisseria gonorrhea
Neisseria gonorrhea
Injectable cefuroxime
Common use
Cephalexin Cephradine Cefuroxime Cefaclor Cefatoxime
What is either name of cephalexin
Keflex- Ceporex
Cephalexin
Broad spectrum enable use for respiratory infections and renal infections specifically
Cephalexin dose
250-500mg 6hourly for at leasr 4days .
anther name of cephradine
Velosef
Cephradine
Used generally for sensitive systemic infections
Dose of cephradine
250-500mg 6 hourly for at least4 days
anther name of cefuroxime
Zinacef
Cefuroxime
Used generally for gonococcal infections, septicemias and post operatively
Dose of cefuroxime
1-3 gram 8 hourly for 3 days administered intravenoualy
anther name of cefaclor
Cector
Cefaclor
Used for all systemic infections especially urinary tract infections. Can be administered orally or parentrally