Macrolides Flashcards
What is chemical of macrolides ?
Have a large molecule which contains many membered lactone rings linked to a number of deoxy sugars
Mention same macrolides ?
Erythromycin Clarithromycin Azithromycin Spiramycin Roxthromycin
Mode of action?
Are bacterostatic antibiotics obtained from streptomyces erythreus . they act by inhibiting protein by binding reversibly to 50 S ribosomal subunit of the sensitive micro organism , efficient on gram positive
Therapeutic uses ?
1 Mycoplasmal pneumonia infections 2 Chlamydial infections ( eye - genital) 3 Lignuil 4 Sterptococcal infections as tonsillitis . pharyngitis and other upper respiratory tract infections 5 gastroenteritis caused by camphylobacter 6 syphillis 7 gonorrhea 8 tetanus 9 diphtheria
Adverse reaction ?
1 allergic reaction fever , eosinophillia ,skin eruptions
2 git reaction : nausea , vomitting , diarrhea
3 cholestatic hepatitis
4 transient auditory imparment
5 rarely may cause arrythmias
Dose of erythromycin ?
Erythromycin has the standerd dose 250 - 500 mg 6 hourly for at least 4 days
Dose of azithromycin?
A single daily does of 500 mg for 3 days
Dose of clarithromycin?
500 mg every 12 hours for 5 days
Erythromycin is the first alternative prescribed for ?
Penicillins sensitive patients
Why they make cardiac arrythmias ?
They make QT interval long
What is affect on QT ?
Azithromycin, clarithromycin
Why we can’t give them with penicillin or cephalosporin ?
1 we can’t give bacterostatic with bacterocide
2 affect cyp450 affect ather drug absortion
They cross placenta ? Teratoginic ?
Yes , not teratoginic
