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Anatomy Of The Cardiovasculuar System > Valves Of The Heart > Flashcards

Valves Of The Heart Flashcards

1
Q

What are cardiac valves evolved to allow?

A

Unimpeded unidirectional flow

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2
Q

What could allow blood to re-enter the heart from the pulmonary aorta and artery?

A

Relaxation of the ventricles

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3
Q

What do valves prevent?

A

Backflow of the blood

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4
Q

Where are atrioventricular valves (AV) found?

A

Between the atria and ventricles - prevent backflow during systole

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5
Q

What do the AV valves consist of?

A

Leaf shaped cusps

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6
Q

What forces the cusps together?

A

The increase pressure in the ventricles during systole - form a tight seal

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7
Q

What are attached to the cusps?

A

Papillary muscles and chordae tendineae

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8
Q

Where is the tricuspid valve found?

A

Between the right atrium and ventricle

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9
Q

How many cusps does the tricuspid vale contain?

A

3

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10
Q

How many cusps does the bicuspid valve contain?

A

2

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11
Q

Where is the bicuspid valve found?

A

Between the left atrium and ventricle

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12
Q

Describe semilunar valves

A

The valves between the ventricles and great vessels

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13
Q

What do semilunar valves prevent?

A

Prevent backflow of blood into the heart during diastole

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14
Q

Where is the aortic valve found?

A

Between the left ventricle and aorta

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15
Q

Where is the pulmonary valve found?

A

Between the right ventricle and pulmonary artery

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16
Q

How many cusps do the semilunar valves contain?

A

3 cusps

17
Q

What are these spaces behind the aortic vales known as?

A

Aortic sinuses

18
Q

What does backflow back towards the heart to do the sinuses?

A

At the end of the systole it cases the sinuses to fill with blood, ballooning and closing the valve

19
Q

How many aortic sinuses are there?

A

3, one formed above each individual leaflet

20
Q

What is found within the region of the sinuses?

A

Thickness of the wall is decreases and the luminal diameter is increased

21
Q

What are the sinuses important for functionally?

A

Maintaining the patency of the valve leaflets during systole

22
Q

What is the superior margin of each sinus marked by?

A

By a thickening term bed the supravalvar ridge

23
Q

What is a heart murmur caused by?

A

By blood leaking through an incompletely closed or excessively narrowed (stenosed) valve

Anatomy Of The Cardiovasculuar System (21 decks)

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