Values

Question 1

values (2)

Answer 1

• principles that guide behaviour

- meanings that indicate what is desirable and has worth to the manager

Question 2

facets of values (2)

Answer 2

• relatively enduring/long-term

- broad, abstract goals that lack a specific referent

Question 3

facets of attitudes (3)

Answer 3

• somewhat more likely to change than values
• have specific referent
• likes/dislikes

Question 4

why are values important to manqgement (3)

Answer 4

1. give stability and continuity to management
2. help us to clarify and rank our goals
3. value chains: families build shared commitment based on shared values guiding behaviour

Question 5

what are the types of values (4)

Answer 5

• absolute or relative
• intrinsic or extrinsic
• traditional, personal, or professional
• instrumental (modes of conduct) or terminal (end state)

Question 6

intrinsic values (3)

Answer 6

• internal values
• don’t need external recognition
• eg. self-acceptance and community

Question 7

extrinsic values (3)

Answer 7

• external values
• derive meaning/worth from someone/something else
• eg. money and fame

Question 8

traditional values (2)

Answer 8

• those held my predominant society where one lives

- not well defined

Question 9

personal values

Answer 9

• values individuals hold for themselves

Question 10

professional values

Answer 10

• values related to job/career

Question 11

instrumental goals (3)

Answer 11

• guiding principles that outline the ideal modes of behaviour and conduct throughout a lifetime
• lead to terminal goals
• clean, forgiving, honest, polite, etc

Question 12

terminal goals (3)

Answer 12

• long term goals or the ideal end states of existence
• “output” in management model
• eg: a comfortable life, family security, happiness, wisdom

Question 13

absolute values (5)

Answer 13

• specific direction for action
• independent of surroundings
• not responsive to new situations
• reduces alternatives
• extreme and definitive

Question 14

relative values (4)

Answer 14

• general direction for action
• interpreted in context of surrounding environment (honesty)
• responsive to new situations
• increases alternatives

Question 15

when did boomers enter work

Answer 15

1965 - 1985

Question 16

when did gen-X enter work

Answer 16

1985 - 2000

Question 17

when did gen Y/millenials enter work

Answer 17

2000+

Question 18

what are dominant work values of boomers (2)

Answer 18

• accomplishment, recognition

- work is central to their lives and they are loyal to their career

Question 19

what are dominant work values of gen-X (3)

Answer 19

• friendship, happiness, pleasure
• team oriented and loyal to relationships
• work life balance and not financial success is more valued

Question 20

what are dominant work values of gen Y/millennial (2)

Answer 20

• money, freedom, comfortable life

- loyal to self and relationships; team oriented

Question 21

rank the least to most materialistic of cohorts in their last year of high school

Answer 21

• boomers
• millenials
• gen X

Question 22

rank the least to most value on work centrality of cohorts in their last year of high school

Answer 22

• millenials
• gen X
• boomers

Question 23

do baby boomer life goal’s reflect more extrinsic or intrinsic values?

Answer 23

• intrinsic

Question 24

do gen X life goal’s reflect more extrinsic or intrinsic values

Answer 24

extrinsic

Question 25

do gen Y life goal’s reflect more extrinsic or intrinsic values

Answer 25

extrinsic

Question 26

millenials or boomers: more civic minded (concern about social problems)

Answer 26

• boomers

Question 27

millenials or boomers: more concerned for others (charity, job is recognized by society)

Answer 27

• boomers

Question 28

millenials or boomers: more community service oriented

Answer 28

• millenials (may be due to grad requirement)

Question 29

what values of youth are affected by economic recession (4)

Answer 29

• prolonged transition to independence
• self confidence and self worth decreased
• decline in trust of institutions
• concern and support for others increased

Question 30

what are the 4 highest ranking values in astronauts

Answer 30

1. achievement
2. enjoyment
3. self-direction
4. benevolence

Question 31

achievement

Answer 31

• success, ability, ambition, intelligence, hard work, competitiveness

Question 32

enjoyment

Answer 32

• pleasure, enjoying life, humour

Question 33

self-direction

Answer 33

• in work or in leisure

Question 34

benevolence

Answer 34

• helpfulness, honesty, loyalty, love, and forgiveness

Question 35

how did spaceflight impact values of astronauts (2)

Answer 35

• reflected individualism initially: achievement, enjoyment and self-direction
• post-flight values for the collective good: universalism, spirituality and power

Question 36

how did gender affect changes in the value of achievement for astronauts

Answer 36

• decreased more for women than for men

Question 37

how did gender affect changes in the value of spirituality for astronauts

Answer 37

• increased more for women than for men

Question 38

behaviour

Answer 38

• what people actually do; implies action

- there is often a gap between values (the ideal) and behaviour (the actual)

Question 39

attitudes

Answer 39

• outlooks or opinions that may express values, serve as a means of evaluation, or demonstrate feeling in regard to some idea, person, object, event, situation, or relationships
• states of mind or feeling , likes and dislikes

Question 40

what are the similarities between values and attitudes (2)

Answer 40

• abstract

- can be either explicit or implicit

Question 41

cultural values

Answer 41

• generally held conceptualizations of what is right or wrong in a culture or what is preferred
• customs, manners, and gestures are indicators