Values Flashcards
values (2)
- principles that guide behaviour
- meanings that indicate what is desirable and has worth to the manager
facets of values (2)
- relatively enduring/long-term
- broad, abstract goals that lack a specific referent
facets of attitudes (3)
- somewhat more likely to change than values
- have specific referent
- likes/dislikes
why are values important to manqgement (3)
- give stability and continuity to management
- help us to clarify and rank our goals
- value chains: families build shared commitment based on shared values guiding behaviour
what are the types of values (4)
- absolute or relative
- intrinsic or extrinsic
- traditional, personal, or professional
- instrumental (modes of conduct) or terminal (end state)
intrinsic values (3)
- internal values
- don’t need external recognition
- eg. self-acceptance and community
extrinsic values (3)
- external values
- derive meaning/worth from someone/something else
- eg. money and fame
traditional values (2)
- those held my predominant society where one lives
- not well defined
personal values
- values individuals hold for themselves
professional values
- values related to job/career
instrumental goals (3)
- guiding principles that outline the ideal modes of behaviour and conduct throughout a lifetime
- lead to terminal goals
- clean, forgiving, honest, polite, etc
terminal goals (3)
- long term goals or the ideal end states of existence
- “output” in management model
- eg: a comfortable life, family security, happiness, wisdom
absolute values (5)
- specific direction for action
- independent of surroundings
- not responsive to new situations
- reduces alternatives
- extreme and definitive
relative values (4)
- general direction for action
- interpreted in context of surrounding environment (honesty)
- responsive to new situations
- increases alternatives
when did boomers enter work
1965 - 1985
when did gen-X enter work
1985 - 2000
when did gen Y/millenials enter work
2000+
what are dominant work values of boomers (2)
- accomplishment, recognition
- work is central to their lives and they are loyal to their career
what are dominant work values of gen-X (3)
- friendship, happiness, pleasure
- team oriented and loyal to relationships
- work life balance and not financial success is more valued
what are dominant work values of gen Y/millennial (2)
- money, freedom, comfortable life
- loyal to self and relationships; team oriented
rank the least to most materialistic of cohorts in their last year of high school
- boomers
- millenials
- gen X
rank the least to most value on work centrality of cohorts in their last year of high school
- millenials
- gen X
- boomers
do baby boomer life goal’s reflect more extrinsic or intrinsic values?
- intrinsic
do gen X life goal’s reflect more extrinsic or intrinsic values
extrinsic
do gen Y life goal’s reflect more extrinsic or intrinsic values
extrinsic
millenials or boomers: more civic minded (concern about social problems)
- boomers
millenials or boomers: more concerned for others (charity, job is recognized by society)
- boomers
millenials or boomers: more community service oriented
- millenials (may be due to grad requirement)
what values of youth are affected by economic recession (4)
- prolonged transition to independence
- self confidence and self worth decreased
- decline in trust of institutions
- concern and support for others increased
what are the 4 highest ranking values in astronauts
- achievement
- enjoyment
- self-direction
- benevolence
achievement
- success, ability, ambition, intelligence, hard work, competitiveness
enjoyment
- pleasure, enjoying life, humour
self-direction
- in work or in leisure
benevolence
- helpfulness, honesty, loyalty, love, and forgiveness
how did spaceflight impact values of astronauts (2)
- reflected individualism initially: achievement, enjoyment and self-direction
- post-flight values for the collective good: universalism, spirituality and power
how did gender affect changes in the value of achievement for astronauts
- decreased more for women than for men
how did gender affect changes in the value of spirituality for astronauts
- increased more for women than for men
behaviour
- what people actually do; implies action
- there is often a gap between values (the ideal) and behaviour (the actual)
attitudes
- outlooks or opinions that may express values, serve as a means of evaluation, or demonstrate feeling in regard to some idea, person, object, event, situation, or relationships
- states of mind or feeling , likes and dislikes
what are the similarities between values and attitudes (2)
- abstract
- can be either explicit or implicit
cultural values
- generally held conceptualizations of what is right or wrong in a culture or what is preferred
- customs, manners, and gestures are indicators
