Planning Flashcards
stages of planning process (5)
- awareness
- gathering and analyzing data
- forming a plan
- implementing the plan
- evaluating the plan
what affects planning (4)
- time, stress
- situation factors
- personal traits and characteristics
- personality factors
time and stress (4)
- planning takes time
- reduces/increases stress
- often plan too far ahead, so situational changes can cause stress
- motivated by want, need, or goal
situational factors (4)
- physical or social surroundings
- time
- task
- task saturation
task saturation
- people too busy and cannot plan effectively
personal traits, characteristics
- personality
- affects way info is gathered and processed
introvert personality (2)
- think about selves first
- don’t seek outside help
extrovert personality (2)
- interested in others
- ask questions when they need help
personality factors (3)
- expertise: ability to perform tasks
- motivation: activity directed goal/objective
- persistence: staying power
proactive
- accept responsibility for own decisions
reactive
- overly affected by outside forces
what is a plan (2)
- a series of decisions concerning future standards and sequences in action
- detailed schema, program, strategy, or method worked out beforehand for the accomplishment of a desired end result
attributes of a plan (6)
- clear
- flexible
- realistic
- adaptive
- appropriate
- goal directed
types of plans (3)
- directional
- contingency: backup plan
- strategic
standard setting (2)
- matching resources with demands
- quality and quantity criteria
sequencing (3)
- how activities or events are ordered
- can be independent or interdependent
- dovetailing/multitasking or overlapping activities
implementing (2)
- actuating
- controlling
implementing: actuating (2)
- puts plans into action
- done by the planner, other family members, machines, or outside agencies
implementing: controlling (2)
- check one’s course of action
- adjust plan as needed
blocks to successful implementation (6)
- other people
- costs or restrictions
- competition (others have better plans)
- crisis
- procrastination; lack of motivation
- close mindedness
evaluating
- process of judging/examining the cost, value, worth of plan or decision based on criteria as standards, met demands, or goals
what is assessed during evaluating (4)
- changes in resources
- achieved goals
- met demands
- satisfaction/dissatisfaction
planning abilities (2)
- vary
- can be increased with experience and practice
planning for time and money (2)
- plan more for short run than long run
- plan for use of time more than money
planning for those who like it/use it often (2)
- use props: calendars, maps, lists
- have positive associations with it, such as competence and security
what is the use of grocery shopping lists (3)
- ensure requirements
- controls shopping process
- controls expenditures
why don’t some use grocery lists (7)
- list in memory
- use store offering to prompt
- cannot be bothered
- no budget constraints
- lists don’t work for them
- no hassle to return if something is forgotten
- choose special items
process
- system of operations that work together to produce an end result
Gresham’s law of planning (2)
- when a system becomes so caught up in everyday activities and crisis that they have no time to plan
- this is because planning takes time and motivation when both are normally in short supply
expertise
- ability to perform tasks successfully and dependably
scheduling
- specification of sets of time bounded projected activities which are sufficient for the achievement or a desired goal set
overlapping activites
- involve combination of activities that require intermittent/concurrent attention
directional plans
- progress along a linear path to long-term goal fulfillment
contingency plan
- backup or secondary plans to be used i case an initial plan doesn’t work
strategic plan
- directional + proactive search for new opportunities + reactive solution to existing problem
assessment
- gathering of information about results, the comparison of those results and past results, and the open discussion of the meaning of those results, the ways they have been gathered, and their implications
