Value-Based Choice

Question 1

What are the 2 types of choice?

Answer 1

Value-based choice

Perceptual choice

Question 2

What is the main difference in the decision-making process between perceptual choice and value-based choice?

Answer 2

Sensory inputs only in perceptual choice

Multiple factors in value-based choice - sensory inputs, memories, internal states/goals

Question 3

What are the steps in the decision-making process?

Answer 3

Representation
Valuation
Action selection
Outcome evaluation
Learning

Question 4

Which steps does learning update in the decision-making process?

Answer 4

Representation
Valuation
Action selection

Question 5

Name and describe the 3 value systems

Answer 5

Pavlovian - innate value assigned to stimulus, inflexible
Habitual - associate new stimulus with stimulus that already has value - gives value to new stimulus, flexible
Goal-directed - most sophisticated, very flexible, computationally-intense

Question 6

What is expected utility theory?

Answer 6

Estimate likely utility of action

Rational choice is action with highest expected utility

Question 7

How do vmPFC lesions affect value-based decisions?

Answer 7

More preference transitivity errors - less consistency in logic of preferences

Question 8

Which types of inputs does the vmPFC receive?

Answer 8

Internal states/goals
Sensory inputs
Memories

Question 9

What does the vmPFC do?

Answer 9

Determines common currency of stimuli

Conducts action selection