Hippocampus and Space Flashcards
What are the components of the hippocampus?
Dentate gyrus
Hippocampus proper (CA1, CA2, CA3)
Subiculum
What are the areas of the perforant pathway?
Dentate gyrus - CA3 - CA1 - subiculum
Where does the hippocampus receive cholinergic input from and what is the role of this input?
Medial septum-
Hippocampal subcomponent firing in unison - theta waves - coordinates activity
Which brain area is key for allocentric spatial memory?
Hippocampus
Which brain area is key for egocentric spatial memory?
Parietal cortex
In which areas of the hippocampus are place cells found?
CA1
CA3
What is allothetic navigation and which type of cues does it require?
Navigation supported by external cues
Landmark cues - external to body - e.g. visual, tactile, olfactory
What is idiothetic navigation (path integration) and which type of cues does it require?
Navigation without external cues
Self-motion cues - internal to body - e.g. vestibular, proprioceptive
What is the boundary vector cell (BVC) model of place cell firing?
BVCs fire at specific direction and distance from boundary - allocentric
Place cells sum inputs from multiple BVCs
Different BVCs have different boundary direction preference - creates place fields
Where are boundary vector cells found?
Entorhinal cortex
Subiculum
What do place cells use to identify body location?
Sensory input - visual, olfactory, tactile Distance Self-motion stimuli Environment geometry Cue configuration
When does place cell firing correspond to peak of theta wave?
When animal outside place field
When does place cell firing correspond to trough of theta wave?
When animal in place field
Which type of location-related cells are found in the primate (including human) hippocampus?
Place cells
Spatial view cells
When do head direction cells fire?
When animal points head in specific direction
Which type of cell updates head direction cell network activity?
Angular head velocity cell
What is the effect of increasing angular speed of angular head velocity cells?
Increases firing rate
Where are grid cells located?
Entorhinal cortex
What do grid cells encode?
Distance travelled
Do grid cells use idiothetic or allothetic information?
Both
What is the oscillatory interference model of grid cell generation?
Grid cell field due to superimposition of 2 oscillations - fixed theta frequency - and other intrinsic to cell (slightly faster)
Creates interference pattern
Summation of oscillations
Grid cell firing at peaks of total oscillation
What is the hierarchy of spatial cells from foundational to most-dependent on other spatial cells?
HDCs
PCs
GCs
