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NEUR0014 > Striatum and Learning > Flashcards

Striatum and Learning Flashcards

1
Q

Name the 4 components of the basal ganglia

A

Striatum
Pallidum
Substantia nigra
Subthalamic nucleus

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2
Q

What is the striatum?

A

Caudate nucleus
Putamen
Globus pallidus

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3
Q

What is the overall role of the basal ganglia?

A

Converts intentions to motor plans

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4
Q

What does the ventral striatum consist of?

A

NAc

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5
Q

What does the dorsal striatum consist of?

A

Caudate nucleus

Putamen

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6
Q

What is the effect of the direct pathway?

A

Activate motor centre controlling action to be performed

Facilitates movement

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7
Q

What is the effect of indirect and hyperdirect pathways?

A

Inhibit action patterns irrelevant to chosen behaviour

Inhibit movement

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8
Q

What are the effects of DA from the SNc on MSNs?

A

Excites D1R-MSNs (direct)
Inhibits D2R-MSNs (indirect)
Net movement facilitation

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9
Q

What is the role of chunking in motor learning?

A

Marks start and end of meaningful units of motor action

Units can be mixed and combined - form complex learnt motor behaviours

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10
Q

Which type of long-term memory is the striatum required for?

A

Procedural

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11
Q

Which 2 tests must behaviour pass to be goal-directed?

A

Devaluation test - reward suddenly made unpalatable

Contingency degradation test - introduce free rewards independent of action - in extinction

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12
Q

Which fronto-striatal circuit areas control goal-directed behaviour?

A

pDMS

Pre-limbic cortex (PL)

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13
Q

Which fronto-striatal circuit areas control habitual behaviour?

A 
DLS
Infralimbic cortex (IL)
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14
Q

What is model-based computation?

A

Decision tree built - possible future states and actions

Internal model of environment

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15
Q

What is model-free computation?

A

Cached value generated - future value of each action - based on averaging outcome values of previous trials

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16
Q

What are the advantages and disadvantages of model-based computation?

A

Flexible, data-efficient

Computationally-demanding

17
Q

What are the advantages and disadvantages of model-free computation?

A

Computationally-simple

Inflexible, data inefficient

18
Q

How do behavioural controllers shift over motor training and why?

A

Model-based to model-free

To minimise uncertainty

19
Q

Which human brain area is homologous to the rodent DMS?

A

Caudate nucleus

20
Q

Which human brain area is homologous to the rodent DLS?

A

Putamen

21
Q

How may drugs of abuse hijack striatal system?

A

Recruit DA-modulated ascending striatal-nigro-striatal pathways
Cause shift from goal-directed to habitual behaviour

NEUR0014 (19 decks)

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