Valentovic Flashcards
Cholestyramine, colesevelam, and colestipol
Bile acid resins
Lowers ONLY cholesterol
Bile acid resins
Enhance hepatic conversion of cholesterol to bile acids
Bile acid resins
Bile acids have negative feedback on _________, rate limiting enzyme
7alpha-hydroxylase
Bile acid resins ______ # of hepatic LDL receptors
Increase
Bile acid resins _______ form must be mixed with liquids and taken with a meal
Powder
GI side effects most common. Interfere with absorption of fat soluble vitamins and/or drugs. Other drugs must be taken 1 hour before or 4 hours after
Bile acid resin
Bile acid resins ____ be used during pregnancy. Safe in children ___ or older
Can
6
HMG CoA reductase inhibitors are known as
Statins
Statins are ___________ inhibitors and they _____ hepatic LDL receptors
Competitive
Increase
All statins lower ______
Atorvastatin and Rosuvastatin also lower _________
Cholesterol
Triglycerides
Adversely elevates serum transaminases. Causes muscle weakness, myalgias, and dark brown urine. Associated with elevated CPK
Statins
Statins ____ be used in pregnancy/nursing mothers
Cannot
Rosuvastatin and Atorvastatin have longest ____ and can be taken at any time of day
Half life
Maximum endogenous cholesterol synthesis occurs at
Night
Fluvastatin, Lovastatin, and simvastatin have ______ and have to be taken at night
Short
All statins can be used after _____ years, pravastatin can be used after ______ yrs
10
8
____ increases Lovastatin absorption
Food
Food _______ absorption of pravastatin and pitavastatin
Decrease
Hyperlipidemia
Chol >
LDL >
Triglycerides >
240
160
200
Lovastatin and simvastatin are
Prodrugs
Rosuvastatin and fluvastatin
CYP2C9
Atorvastatin, Lovastatin, and Simvastatin. Avoid grapefruit
CYP 3A4
Inhibits cholesterol absorption at enterocytes of small intestine.
Ezetimibe
Reduces cholesterol. When combined with statins, will lower LDL more than high dose statin
Ezetimibe
Alirocumab and evolocumab are
PCSK9 inhibitors
Proprotein convert are subtilisin/Kexin 9
Lovastatin and simvastatin are
Prodrugs
Rosuvastatin and fluvastatin
CYP2C9
Atorvastatin, Lovastatin, and Simvastatin. Avoid grapefruit
CYP 3A4
Inhibits cholesterol absorption at enterocytes of small intestine.
Ezetimibe
Reduces cholesterol. When combined with statins, will lower LDL more than high dose statin
Ezetimibe
Alirocumab and evolocumab are
PCSK9 inhibitors
Proprotein convert are subtilisin/Kexin 9