Vaccination

Question 1

What are unique proteins on surface of cell called?

Answer 1

Antigens.

Question 2

What are antigens?

Answer 2

Antigens on microorganisms that get into body are different to ones on own cells, immune system realises difference.
White blood cell then makes specific antibodies join up with antigens inactivate or destroy particular pathogen.

Question 3

What are memory cells?

Answer 3

Some white blood cells ‘remember right antibody needed to destroy particular pathogen these white blood cells become memory cells.

Question 4

What happens 1st time you meet new pathogen?

Answer 4

Get ill as delay while body sorts out right antibody needed. Next time immune system destroys invaders before you feel unwell.

Question 5

What is vaccination?

Answer 5

Also known as immunisation.
Involves giving vaccine made of dead or inactivated form of disease-causing microorganism. Stimulates body’s natural immune response to invading pathogens.
Small amount dead or inactive forms of pathogens introduced into body if same live pathogen met white blood cells respond rapidly. Can make right antibodies as if you already had disease.

Question 6

What is herd immunity?

Answer 6

If large proportion of population immune to disease spread of pathogen in population reduced may disappear known as herd immunity.
If people taking up vaccine falls herd immunity lost and disease can reappear.