vaccination Flashcards
What is the primary purpose of vaccination
to stimulate the immune system to recognise and fight pathogens preventing infectious disease
What are the two main types of immunity
innate immunity, and adaptive immunity
Name 2 branches of adaptive immunity
Humoral immunity and cell mediated immunity
What are the 6 main types of vaccines
Live attenuated
, inactivated ,subunit/recombinant
toxoid
mRNA
viral vector vaccines
Give an example of live attenuated vaccine
MMR or BCG (tuberculosis)
What is a major advanatage and disadvantage of live attenuated vaccine
Advantage: strong and long lasting immunity
Disadvantage
not suitable for immunocompromised individuals
hwo do mRNA vaccines work
they provide cells with genetic innstructions to produce a viral protein that triggers an immune response
what is herd immunity
protection of unvaccinated individuals due to a high percentage of the population being immunnised, reducing disease transmission
What are the 3 phases for clinical trials for vaccine development
Phase 1 ( small group. safety testing)
phase 2 (larger group,immune response evaluation)
phase 3 (large scale efficacy and side effect monitoring)
what are common vaccine side effects
Mild fevver ,soreness at the injection site ,fatigue
what is vaccine hestitancy
reluctancy or refusal to vaccine due to misinformation or distrust in science
What are some future developments in vaccination
presonalised vaccines, universal flu vaccine and dna/rna based vaccines
