immunotherapy

Question 1

What is immunotherapy

Answer 1

A treatment that uses the body’s immune system to fight disease like cancer

Question 2

Name five types of immunotherapy

Answer 2

Checkpoint inhibitors
monoclonal antibodies
cytokine therapy
cancer vaccines
adoptive cell therapy(ACT)

Question 3

How do checkpoint inhibitors work

Answer 3

They block immunne checkpoints (PD-1 ,PD-L1 ,CTLA-4) to enhance T cell response against cancer

Question 4

Give an example of checkpoint inhibitor

Answer 4

Pembrolizumab(Keytruda) or Nivolumab(Opdivo)

Question 5

What are monoclonal antibodies and how do they function in immunotherapy

Answer 5

Lab made antibiotics that target specific antigens on cancer cells ,marking them for immune destruction

Question 6

Name a monoclonal antibody used in cancer treatment

Answer 6

Rituximab(targets CD20 on B cell lymphomas)

Question 7

What is CAR T cell therapy

Answer 7

A form of adoptive cell therapy where a patients T cells are genetically modified to target cancer cells

Question 8

What are common side effects of immunotherapy

Answer 8

Autoimmune like reactionns ,cytokine release syndrome and immune related adverse events

Question 9

How do cancer vaccines work

Answer 9

They stimulate the immune system to recognise and attack cancer cells

Question 10

What are future direction in immunotherapy

Answer 10

Combination therapiies ,personalised treatmnets and targeting novel immune checkpoint like TIM-3 and LAG-3