Antiviral immunity 2 Flashcards
What are the stages of antiviral immune response
Virus infection- detection of viral components- products of ifns - ifn receptor signalling - expression of ifn stimulated genes -blocking of viral infectionn
What are prrs
Detect viral nucleic acids in APCs and initiate immune response
How many types of Toll receptors are in humans what do they do
10 -
they recognise PAMPS
they induce pro inflammatory response and activate transcription of ifn and cytokines
what toll recptor recognises dsrna
TLR3 and its in the endosomes
What type of nucleic acid does TLR9 recognise and where
Recognises CpG DNA in the ER , endosomes and lysosomes
Signalling pathways of toll recptoers
Go through TRIf pathway
TLR7,TLR8 and TLR9 use the MyD88 pathway
What is the role of RIG l and Mda5
Detect viral rna and induce transcription of IFNs and proinflammatory cytokines
What does cGAS detect and what pathway does it activate
Detects cytoplasmic viral dna and activates the cGAMP-STING pathway
How do small viruses evade the immune system
Use multifunctional proteins due to limited genetic coding
How do large DNA viruses evade immunity
Encode multiple specialised immune evasion proteins
How does Vaccinia Virus A46R evade immune detection
Mimics TIR domains to disrupt TLR signalling
What is the main functionn of HCV NS3/$A in immune evasion
Cleaves MAVS to prevent activation of ifn b
What is the main function of innate immunity in antiviral defense
Acts as first line of defense by triggering cytokine and ifn production
