Vaccination

Question 1

vaccine strength is reliant on

Answer 1

how many antigens are in the vaccine

Question 2

what is a conjugate vaccine

Answer 2

vaccine created by joining a polysaccharide antigen to a covalent protein

Question 3

what vaccine is used for babies and children against bacteria with polysaccharide capsular

Answer 3

conjugate vaccine

Question 4

unconjugated polysaccharides are the reason why

Answer 4

germinal center reactions can’t start, affinity maturation and proliferation of polysaccharide-specific B cells

Question 5

polysaccharide conjugated carrier proteins cause

Answer 5

increase affinity maturation, proliferation and production of plasma cells and memory B cells

Question 6

what is the function of adjuvants

Answer 6

help create a stronger immune response

Question 7

Extrafollicular reaction:

Germinal center:

Memory B cells

Answer 7

• low levels of low-affinity antibodies in the serum after immunization
• b cells differentiate into plasma cells secreting high affinity antigen specific antibodies
• few plasma cells exit the nodes/spleen and travel to bone marrow

Question 8

T cell response ( 3 stages)

First stage
second stage
third stage

Answer 8

• expansion phase, T cells expand into CD4 and CD8 cells
• inflammatory cytokines and kill cells are secreted
• Memory phase, # of T cells stabilize and cells are maintained