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Uworld Outline - Renal > Uworld - Renal VI > Flashcards

Uworld - Renal VI Flashcards

1
Q

IL2

A

helper T cells

stimulate growth CD4 and CD8 T cells and B cells

activates NK cells and monocytes

anti-cancer effect - melanoma and renal cell carcinoma

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2
Q

IFN gamma

A

increased expression of MHC class I and II

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3
Q

alemtuzumab

A

anti-CD52 mAb - tx of CLL

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4
Q

bevacizumab

A

interfere VEGF activation

inhibit angiogenesis

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5
Q

FF in dehydration

A

increased
-RPF - drop more than GFR due to RAAS activation

efferent arteriole constriction (ANG II) maintains GFR

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6
Q

Vasopressin receprots

A

V1 - vasoconstriction and PG release

V2 - antidiuresis

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7
Q

thiazide lytes

A

hypoK
hyperuricemia
hyperCa
hypoNa

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8
Q

site of CAIs

A

prox tubule

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9
Q

site of osmotic diuretics

A

prox tube and descending limb loop

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10
Q

loop diuretic site

A

thick ascending limb

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11
Q

K sparing site

A

collecting duct

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12
Q

aldosterone antagonist site

A

collecting duct

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13
Q

minimal change disease

A

facial edema
massive proteinuria
age 2-8 - with resp infection, immunization, or atopic rxn

response to corticosteroids good - tx

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14
Q

electron microscope of minimal change disease

A

effacement of foot processes

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15
Q

early detection of diabetic nephropathy

A

albumin inurine

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16
Q

MC cause dialysis requiring end stage renal disease

A

diabetic nephropathy

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17
Q

anti-CD3

A

inhibit T cells - tx of acute rejection

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18
Q

anti-CD20

A

inhibit B cells

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19
Q

anti-VEGF

A

bevacizumab

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20
Q

BM splitting

A

MPGN and alport syndrome

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21
Q

PID organisms

A

neisseria gonorrhea

chlamydia trachomatis

22
Q

water under bridge

A

ureter over common/external iliac vessels
ureter under gonadal vessels
ureters medial to ovarian vessels

In females, the ureters pass through the mesometrium and under the uterine arteries on the way to the urinary bladder. An effective phrase for remembering this anatomical relationship is “water (ureters) under the bridge (uterine arteries or vas deferens).

23
Q

linear deposits and anti-GBM Abs

A

goodpastures

24
Q

goodpastures RPGN type

A

1 - crescent formation and fibrin deposition

25
Abs in goodpastures
alpha3 chain of collagen IV -anti-GBM Abs linear - IgG and C3
26
alport syndrome
MPGN | -split BM - granular deposits
27
malignant HTN
onion skinning | -hyperplastic arteriolosclerosis
28
DOC for mucormycosis
amphotericin B
29
amphotericin B
MOA - binds ergosterol to form holes adverse - renal toxicity - hypoK and hypoMg - renal vasoconstriction and reduced GFR - acute tubular necrosis
30
non-malignant HTN in kidneys
hyaline arteriolosclerosis | -widespread narrow renal arterioles
31
WBC casts
pathognomonic for pyelonephritis
32
false positive RPR/VDRL test
in SLE normally - a syphilis test
33
sterile pyuria
non-gonococcal urethritis chlamydia ureaplasma
34
ACE I adverse
efferent arteriole dilation | -decreased glomerular pressure - acute renal failure
35
diabetic ketoacidosis
metabolic acidosis | -compenstaion - resp alkalosis
36
tumor lysis syndrome
tumor tx with chemo -release of uric acid - precipitates at low pH tx - urine alkalinization
37
calcineurin
activation of IL-2 - which promotes T cell development
38
cyclosporine and tacrolimus MOA
inhibit calcineurin | -necessary for activation of IL-2 and T cell development
39
e-cadherin loss
metastatic cancer
40
neurofibromin
NF1 - chromosome 17
41
Bcl-2
apoptosis inhibitor | -accumulate in malignant cells
42
foscarnet
analog of pyrophosphate chelate Ca and promote nephrotoxic renal Mg wasting hypoCa hypoMg
43
tx CMV retinitis
gangciclovir
44
adverse gangciclovir
neutropenia
45
indinavir
protease inhibitor | -fat redistribute, insulin resistant, hyperTG - need hydration
46
lamivudine
nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor
47
overproduction of IL-13
in minimal change disease follow upper resp infection -get effacement of foot processes
48
alcohol fixed neutros
on immunofluorescence of wegeners - cANCA crescentic - RPGN III - pauci immune
49
ballooning and vacuolar degeneration of prox renal tubules
ethylene glycol
50
ethylene glycol
antifreeze cause acute renal failure -precipitate of Ca oxalate crystals in renal tubules anion gap metabolic acidosis - increased osmolar gap

Uworld Outline - Renal (8 decks)

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