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Uworld Outline - Renal > Uworld - Renal IV > Flashcards

Uworld - Renal IV Flashcards

1
Q

Ab against alpha3 chain of collagen type IV

A

goodpasture

anti GBM Abs

can lead to RPGN

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2
Q

crescent formation and fibrin deposits

A

RPGN

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3
Q

hemoptysis, linear IgG and C3, RBC casts

A

goodpasture

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4
Q

nasal ulcer and hemoptysis

A

wegener
cANCA

granulomatosis with polyangiitis

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5
Q

ANA positive, malar rash, pleural effusion

A

SLE

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6
Q

sensitive for SLE

A

ANA

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7
Q

specific for SLE

A

anti-dsDNA and anti-smith Abs

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8
Q

dysphagia and sclerodactylyl

A

CREST

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9
Q

anticentromere Abs

A

CREST

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10
Q

CREST syndrome

A 
calcinosis
raynauds
esophageal dysmotility
sclerodactylyl
telangiectasia
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11
Q

estimate of RPF

A

PAH clearance

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12
Q

FF =

A

GFR/RPF

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13
Q

RBF =

A

renal artery P - renal vein P / renal vasc resistance

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14
Q

NSAID nephropathy path

A

chronic interstitial nephritis
papillary necrosis

concentrate in renal medulla

  • higher in papilla than cortex
  • decreased PG synthesis - constriction medullary vasa recta - ischemia
  • uncouple ox phos - direct cell damage
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15
Q

acute rejection

A

infiltrate mononuclear cells

host T cells sensitiation against graft MHC antigens

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16
Q

graft vs. host disease

A

bone marrow transplant

graft T cell vs. host MHC

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17
Q

adverse of loops

A

hearing impairment

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18
Q

hearing impairment with drugs

A

loops
aminoglycosides
salicylates
cisplatin

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19
Q

adverse spironolactone

A

gynecomastia
impotence
decreased libido

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20
Q

triamterene

A

K sparing - ENaC blocker

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21
Q

adverse mannitol

A

high dose - pulmonary edema

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22
Q

primase

A

RNA primer - for DNA synthesis

DNA dependent RNA polymerase

23
Q

DNA ligase

A

single strand break repair

24
Q

DNA polymerase III

A

synthesis of daugher DNA

25
Q

DNA polymerase I

A

replace RNA primer with DNA

5 > 3 exonuclease activity

26
Q

helicase

A

unwind DNA at rep fork

27
Q

diffusion equation

A

directly - concentration difference, SA, solubility

inversely - membrane thickness, MW

28
Q

ostedystrophy

A

pt with chronic renal failure

decreased calcitriol synthesis (1,25)
-decreased Ca reabsorb, increased P retained
-P binds Ca - exacerbate hypoCa
-secondary hyperPTH
-high bone turnover
> osteitis fibrosa cystica
29
Q

furosemide

A

loop diuretic

inhibit Na/K/2Cl symport - ascending loop

also - stimulate PG release - vasodilator > increased RBF > increased GFR

30
Q

NSAID

A

decreased PG synthesis

decrease loop diuretic effect

31
Q

decreased loop effect

A

with NSAIDS - less PG - less vasodilation

32
Q

endothelin

A

vasoconstrictor

33
Q

ANG II

A

vasoconstrictor

aldosterone releaser

34
Q

natriuretic peptides

A

ANP and BNP

vasodilation, natriuresis, diuresis

35
Q

bradykinin

A

vasodilation

pain

36
Q

foamy urine

A

proteinuria

decreased plasma osmotic P - get pitting edema

37
Q

nephrotic in children

A

minimal change disease

38
Q

aldosterone heart effect

A

causes remodeling and cardiac fibrosis

stop this - with spironolactone
-reduced mortality and morbidity

39
Q

lithium and kidney

A

antagonist of vasopressin (ADH) in collecting duct

nephrogenic DI

40
Q

kidney embryo

A

pronephros - regress
metanephros - wolffian duct - men
mesonephros - true kidney

41
Q

true kidney embryo

A

mesonephros

form uteric bud - into mesoderm - induce metanephric mesoderm

metanephric mesoderm = blastema
-form glomeruli, bowman space, prox tubule, loop henle, DCT

kidney migrate cephalad during development

42
Q

CAI in eye

A

decrease aqueous humor production

tx of angle closure glaucoma

43
Q

exogenous vasopressin admin

A

V2 receptor

  • increase perm to water and urea in collecting duct
  • in central diabetes insipidus
44
Q

Ca handling nephron

A

reabsorbed prox tube

45
Q

GFR and FF with efferent vasoconstrictor

A

low level - increased GFR

high level - decreased GFR - flow mediated rise in oncotic P in glomeruli caps

FF - always increases

46
Q

PGN hypersens

A

type III - IC deposition

IgG and C3 - subepi humps granular

47
Q

type IV hypersens cells

A

macros - CD8 T cells

granuloma formation

48
Q

cystinuria

A

auto rec

defective transport of COLA
-cysteine, ornithine, lysine, arginine

increase stone formation

49
Q

hexagonal stones

A

cystine

50
Q

yellow/red-brown diamond or rhombus stones

A

uric acid

51
Q

rectangular prism/coffin lid stones

A

magnesium ammonium P

52
Q

octahedron stone

A

calcium oxalate

square with X in center

53
Q

elongated, wedge shaped rosette stones

A

calcium P

54
Q

majority of kidney stones

A

70-80% calcium oxalate and P

Uworld Outline - Renal (8 decks)

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