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Uworld Outline - Renal > Uworld - Renal III > Flashcards

Uworld - Renal III Flashcards

1
Q

rh incompatability hypersens

A

type II

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2
Q

shock signaling

A

TNF-a - from macros

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3
Q

CD8 T cells signaling

A

MHC class I - intracellular pathogen response

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4
Q

type IV hypersens

A

delayed type
T cells and macros

contact dermatitis
PPD skin test

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5
Q

reabsorb 60% of water filtered

A

proximal tubule

-regardless of hydration status

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6
Q

nephron water permeability

A

glomerulus, prox tubule, descending loop - high

thick and thin ascending loop, early DCT - none

late DCT and collecting duct - ADH dependent

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7
Q

calcitriol

A

1,25 vit D

converted in kidney - from 25 vit D

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8
Q

effect of calcitriol

A

increase Ca and P absorption - intestine and kidney

increased serum P - complex with Ca in serum - decreases Ca available in tissues

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9
Q

issue with high P in serum

A

complex with Ca - less Ca available

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10
Q

chronic renal failure and PTH

A

secondary hyperPTH
-low Ca, high P, low calcitriol

low calcitriol - decreased Ca reabsorb and increased Ca loss
-results in low Ca and high P

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11
Q

calcitonin source

A

parafollicular cells of thyroid
-response to elevated Ca

promote bone mineralization

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12
Q

salicylate intox acid base change

A

2x disturbance
first - resp alkalosis - hyperventilation bc stimulate resp center

second - anion gap metabolic acidosis - organic acids in blood

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13
Q

UTI outbreak at daycare, several boys dysuria and hematuria, resolves 3 days

A

MC virus - adenovirus

serotype 11 and 21

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14
Q

fifth disease

A

parvovirus B19

-erythema infectiosum

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15
Q

norwalk agent

A

calcivirus

epidemic of viral gastroenteritis

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16
Q

rotavirus

A

infantile gastroenteritis

MC fatal diarrhea in children

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17
Q

mumps

A

parotitis, orchitis, aseptic meningitis

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18
Q

sporadic renal cell carcinoma

A

deletion VHL gene - chromosome 3p

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19
Q

VHL disease

A

auto dom

cerebellar hemangioblastoma, clear cell renal carcinoma, and pheochromocytoma

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20
Q

RB gene

A

chromosome 13

retinoblastoma
osteosarcoma

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21
Q

NF1 gene

A

chromosome 17

NF1

22
Q

WT1 gene

A

wilms tumor

chromosome 11

23
Q

BRCA1 gene

A

increased risk breast and ovarian ca

24
Q

potent diuretics

A

loop

followed by thiazides

25
lytes of loop and thiazides
heavy use - volume depletion - decreased Na to macula densa - RAAS activation - aldosterone - Na reabsorption - loss of H and K - hypoK and metabolic alkalosis Ca different - thiazide - hyperCa - loops - hypoCa - decreased reabsorb thick ascending lopp
26
Ca in thiazides
hyper Ca
27
Ca in loops
hypoCa
28
loop diuretic MOA
inhibit Na/K/2Cl cotransport - thick ascending loop hypoK, hypoCa, metabolic acidosis
29
thiazide diuretic MOA
inhibit NaCl cotransport - early DCT hypoNa, hypoCa, hypoK, metabolic alkalosis
30
CAI MOA
inhibit carbonic anhydrase prox tubule metabolic acidosis and hypoK alkalinize urine
31
Na channel blocker MOA
amiloride and triamterene inhibit apical ENaC - cortical collecting duct hyper K and metabolic acidosis
32
amiloride
Na channel blocker - K sparing
33
triamterene
Na channel blocker - K sparing
34
aldosterone antagonist MOA
spironolactone inhibit apical ENaC channel and basolateral Na/K ATPase pump in cortical collecting duct hyperK and metabolic acidosis
35
spironolactone
aldosterone antagonist
36
potter sequence
B/L renal agenesis - oligohydramnios potter syndrome - clubfeet, abnormal facies, pulmonary hypoplasia
37
amniotic fluid and potters
normally - swallowed by fetus - important lung development resp failure - MC cause of death in infants with oligohydramnios
38
Hemophilia? Call 8-9-1-1!"
hem A - factor 8 hem B - factor 9 hem C - factor 11
39
floating ribs
11 and 12
40
fractures of floating ribs
lacerate kidney
41
level of pancreas
LV2 | -damage - crushing abdomen trauma
42
crush abdomen trauma
pancreas damage
43
level of lungs
exhalation - 10th rib inhalation - 12th rib damage rib 1-6 - damage visceral pleura of lung
44
RPGN
crescent formation -damage glomerular caps fibrin deposition
45
goodpastures type
RPGN type I
46
IgG and C3 deposits
goodpasture linear
47
pyogenic exotoxin B
path of PSGN strep pyogenes IgG and C3 deposits granular
48
prevent renal stone formation
increase citrate | increased fluid intake
49
increase renal stone formation
Ca, P, oxalate, and uric acid increase
50
pH and stone formation
acidic - to form stones

Uworld Outline - Renal (8 decks)

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