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Uworld Outline - Renal > Uworld - Renal III > Flashcards

Uworld - Renal III Flashcards

1
Q

rh incompatability hypersens

A

type II

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2
Q

shock signaling

A

TNF-a - from macros

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3
Q

CD8 T cells signaling

A

MHC class I - intracellular pathogen response

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4
Q

type IV hypersens

A

delayed type
T cells and macros

contact dermatitis
PPD skin test

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5
Q

reabsorb 60% of water filtered

A

proximal tubule

-regardless of hydration status

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6
Q

nephron water permeability

A

glomerulus, prox tubule, descending loop - high

thick and thin ascending loop, early DCT - none

late DCT and collecting duct - ADH dependent

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7
Q

calcitriol

A

1,25 vit D

converted in kidney - from 25 vit D

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8
Q

effect of calcitriol

A

increase Ca and P absorption - intestine and kidney

increased serum P - complex with Ca in serum - decreases Ca available in tissues

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9
Q

issue with high P in serum

A

complex with Ca - less Ca available

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10
Q

chronic renal failure and PTH

A

secondary hyperPTH
-low Ca, high P, low calcitriol

low calcitriol - decreased Ca reabsorb and increased Ca loss
-results in low Ca and high P

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11
Q

calcitonin source

A

parafollicular cells of thyroid
-response to elevated Ca

promote bone mineralization

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12
Q

salicylate intox acid base change

A

2x disturbance
first - resp alkalosis - hyperventilation bc stimulate resp center

second - anion gap metabolic acidosis - organic acids in blood

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13
Q

UTI outbreak at daycare, several boys dysuria and hematuria, resolves 3 days

A

MC virus - adenovirus

serotype 11 and 21

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14
Q

fifth disease

A

parvovirus B19

-erythema infectiosum

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15
Q

norwalk agent

A

calcivirus

epidemic of viral gastroenteritis

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16
Q

rotavirus

A

infantile gastroenteritis

MC fatal diarrhea in children

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17
Q

mumps

A

parotitis, orchitis, aseptic meningitis

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18
Q

sporadic renal cell carcinoma

A

deletion VHL gene - chromosome 3p

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19
Q

VHL disease

A

auto dom

cerebellar hemangioblastoma, clear cell renal carcinoma, and pheochromocytoma

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20
Q

RB gene

A

chromosome 13

retinoblastoma
osteosarcoma

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21
Q

NF1 gene

A

chromosome 17

NF1

22
Q

WT1 gene

A

wilms tumor

chromosome 11

23
Q

BRCA1 gene

A

increased risk breast and ovarian ca

24
Q

potent diuretics

A

loop

followed by thiazides

25
Q

lytes of loop and thiazides

A

heavy use - volume depletion

  • decreased Na to macula densa - RAAS activation
  • aldosterone - Na reabsorption
  • loss of H and K
  • hypoK and metabolic alkalosis

Ca different

  • thiazide - hyperCa
  • loops - hypoCa - decreased reabsorb thick ascending lopp
26
Q

Ca in thiazides

A

hyper Ca

27
Q

Ca in loops

A

hypoCa

28
Q

loop diuretic MOA

A

inhibit Na/K/2Cl cotransport - thick ascending loop

hypoK, hypoCa, metabolic acidosis

29
Q

thiazide diuretic MOA

A

inhibit NaCl cotransport - early DCT

hypoNa, hypoCa, hypoK, metabolic alkalosis

30
Q

CAI MOA

A

inhibit carbonic anhydrase prox tubule

metabolic acidosis and hypoK

alkalinize urine

31
Q

Na channel blocker MOA

A

amiloride and triamterene

inhibit apical ENaC - cortical collecting duct

hyper K and metabolic acidosis

32
Q

amiloride

A

Na channel blocker - K sparing

33
Q

triamterene

A

Na channel blocker - K sparing

34
Q

aldosterone antagonist MOA

A

spironolactone

inhibit apical ENaC channel and basolateral Na/K ATPase pump in cortical collecting duct

hyperK and metabolic acidosis

35
Q

spironolactone

A

aldosterone antagonist

36
Q

potter sequence

A

B/L renal agenesis - oligohydramnios

potter syndrome - clubfeet, abnormal facies, pulmonary hypoplasia

37
Q

amniotic fluid and potters

A

normally - swallowed by fetus - important lung development

resp failure - MC cause of death in infants with oligohydramnios

38
Q

Hemophilia? Call 8-9-1-1!”

A

hem A - factor 8
hem B - factor 9
hem C - factor 11

39
Q

floating ribs

A

11 and 12

40
Q

fractures of floating ribs

A

lacerate kidney

41
Q

level of pancreas

A

LV2

-damage - crushing abdomen trauma

42
Q

crush abdomen trauma

A

pancreas damage

43
Q

level of lungs

A

exhalation - 10th rib
inhalation - 12th rib

damage rib 1-6 - damage visceral pleura of lung

44
Q

RPGN

A

crescent formation
-damage glomerular caps

fibrin deposition

45
Q

goodpastures type

A

RPGN type I

46
Q

IgG and C3 deposits

A

goodpasture

linear

47
Q

pyogenic exotoxin B

A

path of PSGN

strep pyogenes

IgG and C3 deposits granular

48
Q

prevent renal stone formation

A

increase citrate

increased fluid intake

49
Q

increase renal stone formation

A

Ca, P, oxalate, and uric acid increase

50
Q

pH and stone formation

A

acidic - to form stones

Uworld Outline - Renal (8 decks)

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