Uworld - Renal I

Question 1

follows strep infection - age 6-10yo

facial and periorbital edema

Answer 1

PSGN

Question 2

PSGN urinalysis

Answer 2

RBC casts

nephritic syndrome

Question 3

deposits of PSGN

Answer 3

subepithelial humps of ICs

IgG, IgM, C3 granular

lumpy bumpy appearance

Question 4

glomeruli of PSGN

Answer 4

enlarged/hypercellular

Question 5

fibrin deposition

Answer 5

crescentic GN

Question 6

blood vessel, smooth m, fat tumor of kidney

Answer 6

renal angiolympoa

benign

Question 7

association renal angiolypoma

Answer 7

tuberous sclerosis - B/L

Question 8

tuberous sclerosis

Answer 8

aut dom

• cortical tubers
• subependymal hamartomas in brain

seizure and mental retardation

cardiac rhabdomyoma

Question 9

ash-leaf patche

Answer 9

leaf shaped patch of skin lacking pigment

-in tuberous sclerosis

Question 10

NF1

Answer 10

auto dom
neurofibromas
 optic gliomas
lisch nodules
cafe au lait spots

Question 11

cafe au lait spots

Answer 11

NF1

Question 12

lisch nodules

Answer 12

NF1

Question 13

B/L acoustic neuromas

Answer 13

NF2

auto dom

Question 14

VHL

Answer 14

auto dom
hemangioblastoma of cerebellum, retina, brain stem

cysts in pancreas, liver, kidney

Question 15

dysregulated HIF-1

Answer 15

with von hippel lindau

VHL is tumor suppressor that down regulates HIF-1

Question 16

risk of B/L renal cell carcinoma

Answer 16

VHL

Question 17

leptomeningeal cap venous malformation of face

Answer 17

in sturge weber syndrome

facial - port wine stain

Question 18

osler rendu weber syndrome

Answer 18

multi telengiectasia of skin and mucosa

recurrent epistaxis and bleeding

Question 19

shagreen patch

Answer 19

leathery thick skin

-tuberous sclerosis

Question 20

TSC1 and TSC2

Answer 20

tuberous sclerosis

1 - hamartin
2 - tuberin

mutation - proteins that inhibit mTOR - so more activity

Question 21

UTI sex active women

Answer 21

staph saprophyticus

Question 22

MC cause UTI

Answer 22

E. coli

Question 23

tx of UTI

Answer 23

3 day course FQ or TMP/SMX

Question 24

recurrent UTI in boys

Answer 24

investigate for urinary tract obstruction

Question 25

common organism for urethritis

Answer 25

n. gonorrhoeae c. trachomatis pain burning when urinating

Question 26

glycolysis locadtion

Answer 26

in cytosol

Question 27

ox phos location

Answer 27

in mitochondria

Question 28

lactate DH

Answer 28

low O2 - pyruvate to lactic acid | -to regenerate NAD+

Question 29

pyruvate DH

Answer 29

high O2 - pyruvate to acetyl CoA

Question 30

acyclovir adverse

Answer 30

nephrotoxic high concentration - crystalized prevention - IV hydration

Question 31

hydration with acyclovir

Answer 31

to prevent renal damage from crystalization

Question 32

prednisone pre-treatment

Answer 32

to prevent radiocontrast allergic rxn

Question 33

allopurinol pre-treatment

Answer 33

lymphoma and leukemia - to prevent tumor lysis associated urate crystal nephropathy

Question 34

RAAS

Answer 34

activated - decreased Na, fluid volume, or arterial BP renin released renin - angiotensinogen > ANG I ACE - ANG I > ANG II - and degrade bradykinin

Question 35

ANG II

Answer 35

vasoconstriction | and stimulate aldosterone release

Question 36

AT1 receptor

Answer 36

stimulated by ANG II negative feedback - JG cell AT1 receptor activation -results in decreased renin release

Question 37

ARB MOA

Answer 37

block AT-1 receptor 1 - vascular smooth m relaxation 2 - decreased aldosterone release

Question 38

breakdown of bradykinin

Answer 38

ACE

Question 39

clearance rate

Answer 39

= [urine] x urine flow rate / [plasma]

Question 40

Na/glucose carrier

Answer 40

in prox tubule saturated at Tm complete reabsorption - low concentrations

Question 41

inulin

Answer 41

estimate GFR neither reabsorbed nore secreted amount filtered = amount excreted

Question 42

creatinine

Answer 42

estimate GFR

Question 43

PAH

Answer 43

para-amino hippuric acid estimate renal plasma flow completely secreted

Question 44

urea

Answer 44

50% filtered is reabsorbed

Question 45

filtration fraction

Answer 45

FF = GFR/RPF FF = GFR / (1 - hematoctrit) x RBF

Question 46

renal plasma flow

Answer 46

RPF = (1-hematocrit) x RBF

Question 47

elevated ASO titer and decreased C3 levels

Answer 47

PSGN

Question 48

starry sky appearance

Answer 48

PSGN granular deposits of IgG, IgM, C3 -mesangium and BM

Question 49

IgE deposits

Answer 49

lupus nephritis

Question 50

C1q deposits

Answer 50

MPGN type 1 | -subendothelial