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Uworld Outline - Renal > Uworld - Renal V > Flashcards

Uworld - Renal V Flashcards

1
Q

marfan

A

aortic dissection

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2
Q

rickets

A

vit D deficient

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3
Q

fat malabsorption

A

cystic fibrosis

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4
Q

deficient alpha-galactosidase

A

fabry disease

-fibroblasts fail to metabolize ceramide trihexoside

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5
Q

fabry disease

A

deficient alpha-galactosidase
-fibroblast fail to metabolize ceramide trihexoside

early - angiokeratoma (red/blue lesions), hypohidrosis, acroparesthesia

ceramide trihexoside accumulate in tissue - burning neuropathic pain

tx - enzyme replacement therapy

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6
Q

ceramide trihexoside accumulation

A

in fabry disease

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7
Q

niemann pick disease

A

UMN path - spasticity

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8
Q

lesch nyhan

A

spastic, choreathetoid movement and self mutilation

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9
Q

diuretic to prevent recurrent stone formation

A

thiazide

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10
Q

MC type of kidney stone

A

Ca

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11
Q

thiazides and Ca

A

increased reabsorption

  • inhibit Na/Cl cotransporter - apical DCT
  • decreased Na concentrations
  • activate basolateral Na/Ca

hypovolemia induction - increased Na and H2O reabsorption - passaive increase paracellular Ca

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12
Q

acidic urine

A

more stone formation

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13
Q

berger disease

A

IgA nephropathy
-after upper resp infection

painless hematuria
children and young adults

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14
Q

mesangial IgA deposits

A

berger disease

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15
Q

gonadal veins

A

left - drain to left renal v - left side varicocele with obstruction of left renal vein

right - drain to IVC

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16
Q

lowest osmolarity in tubule system

A

DCT and thick ascending limb

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17
Q

ADH site of action

A

V2 receptors - GPCR > cAMP - principal cells aquaporins

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18
Q

most concentrated fluid in tubule systsem

A

collecting duct

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19
Q

embryo of ureters

A

canalize before metanephros produce urine - 8-10 weeks

inadequate canalization - at uteropelvic jxn
-this is MC cause fetal hydronephrosis

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20
Q

cailceal sytem and ureter embryo

A

ureteric bud

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21
Q

embryo of kidney

A

mesoderm - renal parenchyma

22
Q

VUR

A

antenatal hydronephrosis

-tx is conservative - possible prophylactic antibiotics

23
Q

blood flow upper 1/3 ureter

A

renal a

24
Q

kidney transplant vasculature

A

native left in place - donor place retroperitoneal

anastomose donor renal a with recipient external iliac a

donor renal v connected to recipient external iliac v

proximal 1/3 donor ureter - preserved - establish continuity from collecting system of kidney to recipient bladder

25
Q

antiphospholipid Abs

A

SLE

26
Q

drug induced interstitial nephritis

A

eosinophilia

27
Q

adverse spironolactone

A

aldosterone antagonist
-gynecomastia, decreased libido, impotence

also - remodel cardiac tissue - aldosterone
-so if block - decreased morbidity and mortality

28
Q

development of acute pyelonephritis

A

VUR

-retrograde flow of urine

29
Q

CHF with pulmonary edema tx

A

loop diuretic - most rapid diuresis

30
Q

adverse of loop diuretic

A

hypoK, hypoMg, hypoCa

31
Q

JG cell receptors

A

beta1

so propanolol - beta-antagonist - blocks renin release

no effect on ACE - bradykinin levels stay same

32
Q

propanolol in kidney

A

inhibit beta1 of JG cells - block renin release

33
Q

finasteride

A

5-a reductase inhibitor

inhibit T > DHT

34
Q

dutasteride

A

5-a reductase inhibitor

inhibitor T > DHT

tx prostate hyperplasia - decreased volume

35
Q

adverse of 5-a reductase inhibitor

A

decreased libido, ED

36
Q

terazosin

A

alpha antagonist

37
Q

tamsulosin

A

alpha antagonist

38
Q

tx of BPH

A

terazosin, tamsulosin
-preferred initial therapy

also - 5-a reductase inhibitors

39
Q

adverse of terazosin

A

alpha-antagonist

orthostatic hypotension and dizzy

40
Q

tolterodine

A

antimuscarinic - tx of BPH in men with overactive bladder

41
Q

tadalafil

A

PED5 inhibitor

tx of ED

42
Q

henoch schonlein purpura

A

after upper resp infection young child
IgA hypersensitivity - deposit in vessel walls

GI - vascultiis - upper/lower GI bleed
kidney - mesangial prolif and crescents (identical berger)
skin - palpable purpura
joint - migratory arthritis

43
Q

strawberry tongue

A

kawasaki disease

44
Q

inulin estimate

A

GFR

45
Q

auto dom polycystic kidney disease

A

manifest patient 40-50yo
-enlarged kideny, HTN, renal failure

mutation - PKD1 or PKD2

micro cyst present at birth grows over time

46
Q

auto rec polycystic kidney disease

A

present at birth

47
Q

serum creatinine and GFR

A

as GFR decrease - creatinine increased

48
Q

FF =

A

GFR/RPF

GFR - creatinine clerance
RPF - PAH clearance

49
Q

CL =

A

[urine] x urine flow rate / [plasma]

50
Q

DDx for metabolic alkalosis

A

look at urine Cl - then look at volume status

Uworld Outline - Renal (8 decks)

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