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ZZ - step 3 - uworld > Uworld Exam 9 > Flashcards

Uworld Exam 9 Flashcards

1
Q

Nissel Substance shows the prescence of?

A

RER

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2
Q

Kinesin facilitates what? And what else is required for kinesin to move?

A

Facilitates anterograde secretory vesicles movement

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3
Q

What do Desmosomes do? What disease manifests itself in this?

A

mediate cell to cell adhesions; Pemphigus Vulgaris

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4
Q

Overexpression of Bcl-2 leads to? And in what disease do you see this in? What is its translocation?

A

Increased survival of the cell

Follicular Lymphoma t14;18

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5
Q

What is CATCH 22 Stand for?

A

Cleft lip and palate, Abnormal facies, thymic hypoplasia, Cardiac Abnormality (tetralogy of fallot), Hypocalcemia, Long arm of Chr. 22

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6
Q

How do you treat Hyperthryoid eye problems?

A

High Dose Glucocorticoids, conventional antithyroid drugs don’t fix it

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7
Q

Low grade fever and a maculopapular rash that spreads from the face and chest to the trunk and extremities, postauricular lymphadenopathy. Dx?

A

Rubella

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8
Q

Mother’s Rubella are highest risk to get? What about the fetus?

A

Polyarthralgia=mom; baby=deafness

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9
Q

Eczematous skin rash, recurrent infection and thrombocytopenia that only affects males; Dx?

A

Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome

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10
Q

Urine Discharge from umbilicus?

A

Persistent allantois remanent

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11
Q

Spironolactone MOA?

A

MOA: aldosterone receptor inhibitor

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12
Q

Type 1 slow fibers have high or low myoglobin and glycogen? and Examples? Aerobic or anaerobic metabolism?

A

myoglobin rich and glycogen poor
Aerobic
i.e. paraspinal muscles

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13
Q

Finasteride MOA?

A

5 alpha reductase inhibitor

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14
Q

Prognosis of CRC is dependent on stage or grade?

A

stage

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15
Q

Potassium Perchlorate MOA?

A

MOA: Inhibits Sodium Iodide Co-transporter

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16
Q

Varcose veins are due to?

A

incompetent venous valves

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17
Q

snRNPs do what? What makes them? Where are they made?

A

snRNP=>splices introns; RNA polymerase II and in the nucleus

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18
Q

Recurrent pulmonary infections in a Caucasian most likely suggests?

A

Cystic Fibrosis

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19
Q

In CF what changes do you see in the lungs, pancreas, nose,

A

Lungs=>thicker secretions=>bronchiectasis

Pancreas=>malabsorption (no pancreatic enzymes)

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20
Q

A patient comes in with generalized muscle stiffness and shaking hand. Doctor suspects drug induced. Which drugs induce it? MOA of these symptoms?

A 
MOA: D2 blockade nigrostratial pathway
Cogwheel Rigidity of the ARM
Antipsychotics
Reserpine
Metoclopramide
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21
Q

What is DOC for drug induced parkinsonism?

A

Anticholinergics (Benztropine, trihexiphenyl) Or Amantidine

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22
Q

What does orthopnea show?

A

There is a left sided heart failure

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23
Q

What are signs of R. sided Heart failure?

A

Hepatosplenomegaly and lower extremity edema

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24
Q

Etoposide MOA?

A

MOA: Inhibits sealing activity of Top Isomerase II

25
Q

What does Topoisomerase I do?

A

creates single stranded nicks to relieve neg. supercoiling

26
Q

What does Topoisomerase II do?

A

Creates double stranded nicks to relieve pos. and neg. supercoiling

27
Q

A patient with an urge to move the legs when falling asleep and “difficult to describe” sensation of the legs. Dx?

A

Restless Leg Syndrome

28
Q

Restless Leg Syndrome is more common in those with?

A

Iron deficiency

29
Q

DOC for Restless Leg Syndrome?

A

Dopamine Agonist

30
Q

Replacement of Prosthetic Value. What bug should you think of?

A

Staph Epidermidis

31
Q

Catalase differentiates?

A

Staph from Strep (Cat seperates big groups)

32
Q

Coagulase seperates?

A

Staph Aureus from other staph (like S. Epi)

33
Q

In what disease do you get repeated infection of Catalase + organisms?

A

Chronic Granulomatous Disease

34
Q

MOA of Chronic Granulomatous Disease?

A

Def. of NADPH oxidase and get repeated infection of Catalase+ organisms

35
Q

List the Catalase+ organisms?

A 
Catalse + organisms go into CGD's SPACE
Staph
Pseudomonas
Aspergillus
Candida
Enterobacter
36
Q

A patient has a diarrheal infection and arthritis. Yet there is no bacteria in the joint aspriation and ibuprofen relieves the pain. Dx?

A

Reactive Arthritis (HLA-B27 Spondoarthryopathy)

37
Q

Reactive Arthritis occurs after an infection of?

A

Campy Salmon Yersinia Bartonella Shigella

38
Q

Everytime GFR doubles what happens to serum creatinine?

39
Q

In Sickle Cell Patients, what should you immediately think?

A

They are asplenic

40
Q

Asplenic Patients are prone to getting what kind of organisms?

A

Encapsulated organisms

41
Q

What are the Encapsulated organisms?

A 
SHINE SKIS
Strep Pneumoniae
Haemophilus Influenza
Neisseria
Ecoli
Salmonella
Klebsiella
Group B Strep
42
Q

Out of the encapsulated organisms which ones are especially important in asplenic/sickle cell patients?

A

SHiN

Strep Pneumoniae>Haemophilus>Neisseria

43
Q

Sickle Cell patients are more prone to get what disease? What bug should you be thinking of?

A

Osteomyelitis, Salmonella

44
Q

What is molecular problem in Cystic Fibrosis? What does this result in?

A

3 base pair deletion in CFTR that removes phenylalanine at position 508;=>impairs posttranslational modifications and shunts CFTR to proteosomes

45
Q

In primary hyperaldosteronism, what are the renin and aldosterone levels?

A

Ald=High; Renin=low

46
Q

What are some causes of high renin and aldosterone levels?

A

Reninoma
Renal Artery Stenosis
Malignant HTN
Diruetics

47
Q

CAH causes what kind of renin and aldosterone levels?

48
Q

What are the two pathways that homocysteine can be changed to non toxic forms? What are its enzymes and cofactors?

A
  1. Homocysteine METHYLtransferase w/B12=>Methionine

2. Cystathionine Synthase w/B6=>cystathionine»cysteine

49
Q

What are symptoms of hyperaldosteronism?

A

Weakness, parethesia=>low K+ (in principal cells); Increased H+ secretion=>metabolic alkalosis (in alpha intercalated)

50
Q

ACE inhibitors MOA?

A

Inhibits Efferent renal arterioles

51
Q

When does Tumor Lysis Syndrome Occur?

A

When there is high cell turnover in patients who are doing chemotherapy

52
Q

What is most worrisome in the kidney with a tumor lysis syndrome?

A

Uric Acid Crystals

53
Q

At what pH do uric acid crystals precipitate? Where is that in a nephron?

A

When it is acidic; near the collecting ducts (most acidic)

54
Q

Dysphagia and disfigured nails (kolionychia) are symptoms of?

A

Iron Def. Anemia

55
Q

In what syndrome do you see involvement of dysphagia and iron def. anemia?

A

Plummer-Vinson Syndrome

56
Q

What is the triad in Plummer-Vinson Syndrome?

A

Dysphagia, Iron Def. Anemia, Esophageal web

57
Q

What is the most feared complication in Plummer-Vinson Syndrome?

A

Predisposition to Squamous Cell Carcinoma

58
Q

What drugs cause Torsades De Pointes?

A

Class III, IA, Macrolides, antipsychotics, TCAs

59
Q

Where is Transketolase found? What is it most useful for?

A

Cytoplasm; To find out if the patient has Thiamine def. (only one that has just TPP); look for elevated RBC transketolase activity

ZZ - step 3 - uworld (27 decks)

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