Uworld Exam 7 Flashcards
Ether inactivates what kind of viruses?
enveloped
After Ovulation, Secondary Oocyte is in what phase?
M2
Different protein isoforms are created by?
Alternate RNA Gene Splicing
An electrical wave by passing the AV node will change?
PR Interval
WPW shows a triad. What are the Triad of electrical symptoms?
Shortened PR interval, a delta wave in QRS, widened QRS complex
Th0=>induced to Th1 by?
IFN-gamma, and IL-12
Th0=>induced to Th2 by?
IL-4
Disulfiram Like Drugs?
Metronidazole, Griseofulvin, procarbazine and sulfonylureas
When patient is unconscious, do you tell a family member about the condition?
Yes, Share the information if it is in the best interest of the patient
Sensitivity identifies those with the disease? Yes or No?
Yes
Methylated DNA and Acetylated DNA, what is the difference?
Methylated DNA mutes
Acetylated DNA activates
SCLC marker?
Neuroendocrine origin=>Neurofilaments: enolase, chromogranin, synaptophysin
Antidepressants Increase the risk for?
Inducing Mania
Diffuse Gallbladder Calcifications; What should you do?
Porcelain gallbladder=>chronic cholecystitis; prophylatically remove due to increase risk of gallbladder cancer
In Alzheimer’s Disease, what hydrocephalus do you see?
Hydrocephalus ex vacuo
Oral Thrush on Tongue Tx?
Nystatin
V/Q increased or decreased in apex and base?
Apex=>V/Q increases
Base=>V/Q decreases
What pleura is for pain? And what nerves carry it?
Parietal Pleura, Phrenic Nerve
Streptomycin MOA?
MOA: Binds to 30S ribosomal unit and blocks initiation of protein synthesis
As you age what proteins do you lose?
Collagen and elastin
Which cell CANNOT use Ketone bodies for energy?
erythrocytes
Central Regulator of Iron homeostasis? MOA of regulation?
Hepicidin
MOA: Binds to Ferroportin and degrades it=>decreases iron absorption and does not allow macrophages to release iron
Hepcidin increased in? Decreased? In what disease do you associate this with?
High Iron levels and inflammation increase levels
Hypoxia and erythropoiesis act to decrease levels
Anemia of Chronic Disease
Does Health care proxy overrule all?
Yes
Benzodiazepines MOA?
MOA: binds on allosteric site of GABAa=>increasing frequency (ion channel frequency); Ben Likes it more often, Barb likes it longer
Baclofen MOA?
MOA: activates GABAb receptor=>G protein
Two drugs that alter GABA metabolism?
Valproic acid and vigabetin=>reduce catabolism (reduce breakdown)
Paroxsymal supraventricular tachycardia (PSVT) MOA? and epidemology?
MOA: re-entry impulse via slow and fast fibers
MC paroxsymal supraventricular tachycardia
Carotid sinuses are innervated by what nerve?
CN 9
Carotid Sinus Massage does what to the baroreceptor firing and what is the result?
Increases firing (hering nerve) and parasymp. influence prolongs AV refractory period
Woman with Osteoporosis and HTN? Why?
HCTZ; increases Calcium (HyperGLUC)
1st generation Antihistamines are?
Diphenhydramine, Dimenhydrinate, chlorpheniramine and promethazine
Amine, nate, azine
2nd generation Antihistamines are
Loratadine, fexofenadine, desloratadine and cetirizine
-adine or izine
VZV histology?
Bx: Multinucleated inclusion-bearing giant cells
Anabolic steriods (methyltestosterone) can lead to?
Acne
What differentiates between Direct and Indirect Inguinal Hernia?
Inferior epigastric vessels
Prostacyclins do what?
inhibit platelet aggregation
HBV helps HDV (delta agent) in what way?
Delta agent is coated with HBsAg to get into cells
With Chronic Lung Rejection, where do the immune rxn affect?
small airways
What cytokine moves Smooth Muscle Cells from the Media to Intima? Who secretes it? What does it do?
PDGF and platelets;
migrates SMC from media to intima and proliferate in the intima
Platelets secrete TGF-B. What does it do?
Smooth muscle cell chemotaxis and interstitial collagen production
Lissencephaly results in? What do you see in MRI?
Results in: congenital absence of gyri
MRI: smooth brain
Pseudotumor Cerebri what is the problem? What does it lead to?
Increased ICP with normal CSF and normal neuroimaging, optic nerve atrophy and blindness
Spherules packed in spores
Coccidiodides immitis
DM neuropathy is associated with?
Endoneural arteriole hyalinization
Small Erythematous papules on the palms with excoriations, scattered vesicles and pustules on the finger webs, palms and wrist creases
Scabies mite and eggs
Coffee Ground Color Indicates?
That the bleeding has touched acid=>oxidation of heme
Increases in Preload do what to sarcomere length?
Increase
Cleft Lip and palate, polydactyly, rockerbottom feet, holoprosencephaly
Trisomy 13
Trisomy 13 Cause?
Meiosis I Non disjunction
Coughing or Sneezing=>urine coming out; what kind of dysfunction is it?
Stress Urinary Incontinence=>Urethral Sphincter dysfunction
Sudden Overwhelming Need to empty bladder; What kind of dysfunction is it?
Urge Incontinence=>Detrussor overactivity
Constant involuntary dripping; What kind of dysfunction is it?
Overflow incontinence=>impair detrussor contractility
