Uworld and kaplan phys Flashcards
most characteristic physiological signs of marijuana use
conjunctival injection
tahcycardia
increased appetite
dry mouth
Myasthenia gravis- what changes in the post-synaptic muscle cell
reduced moter end-plate potential (due to antibodies against nACH receptors)
hormone responsible for gallbladder contraction
CCK
ring-enhancing lesion on brain MRI
likely abscess
could be nocardia
dengue fever
aedes aegypti mosquito
headache, retro-orbital pain, joint and muscle pain
hemorrhage, thrombocytopenia, leukopenia and hemoconcentration
PEEP
positive end-expiratory pressure
use it for IRD, ARDS, pneumothorax, etc.
why are the first and second bronchi the most resistant?
turbulent flow
poisonous mushrooms
amatoxins
bind to NA-dependent RNA polyerase type II in liver and halt mRNA synthesis –> apoptosis
toher organ systems with rapid cellular turnover also affected (GI, prox conv renal tubules)
Big 3 obstructive diseases
asthma
chronic bronchitis
emphysema
treatment for asthma
beta2 agonists: aluterol, terbutaline
anti-cholinergics: ipratropium
chronic bronchitis rx
long ating beta2 agonists: salmetrol, formoterol
PDE inhiitors: Theophylline
emphysema Rx
Mast cells: cromolyn sodium,
2,3 BPG is stimulatd by
hypoxia
adverse effects of tamoxifen
hot flashes
venous thrombus
endometrial hyperplasia and carcinoma
(selective estrogen receptor modulator)- adjuvant for estrogen receptor positive breast cancer
propofol wears off fast. why?
preferentially distributed to organs receiving high blood flow (brain) and then redistributed out to fat, muscles, etc.
treat respiratory alkalosis with
carbonic anhydrase inhibitors (tell kidneys to dump bicarb)
caisson disease
nitrogen coming out of solution when you come up too fast
bends
air emboli
leukocyte adhesion deficiency- characterized by
absence of CD18 antigens
lack of purulence due to absence of leukocytes in peripheral tissues
with cardiac arrest, most likely location of ischemia in the brain?
hippocampus
first area damaged during global cerebral ischemia
what cells are responsible for the inflammatory reaction seen in gout?
neutrophils
hypercalcemia of malignancy is caused by what?
PTH-related protein
most common cause of coronary sinus dilation
elevated right-sided heart pressure secondary to pulmonary HTN
med that causes increased insulin
sulfonylurea
gastric biopsy shows pH increase. What does this mean?
H pylori infection- rapid urease tests
