Kaplan deck 2 Flashcards
timing after MI
1 hour- no morphologic change
4-12 hours- coagulative necrosis
neutrophils- peak at 2-3 days
5-7 days- histiocytes, lymphocytes, early formation of granulation tissue. Risk of free wall rupture, papillary muscle rupture, or IV-septum rupture high.
ductus arteriosus connects what?
left pulmonary artery to the aortic arch
PDA- machine murmur heard at upper left sternal border
parcoccidioidomycosis
brazil
pilot’s wheel or mariner’s wheel yeasts
thick-walled, spherical with multiple peripheral buds
glycogen storage diseases and enzymes
glucose-6-phosphatase- von Gierke
acid maltase- Pompe
glycogen dbranching- Cori
branching- Anderson
muscle phosphorylase- McArdle
hepatic glycogen phosphorylase- Hers
associate HLAs
HLA-A3- primary hemochromatosis
HLA B27- psoriatic arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, inflammatory bowel disease, and reactive arthritis (Reiter syndrome)
HLA-DR2 and 3 with SLE
HLA DR3- type 1 diabetes and Graves disease
HLA-DR4- rheumatoid arthritis and (secondary: type 1 diabetes)
what degrades norepinephrine?
MAO
some antidepressants inhibit
maple syrup urine disease
branched-chain ketoaciduria burnt sugar urine onset 4-7 days after birth lethargy, poor feeding, vomiting mennonites
eliminate isoleucine from diet
hypertensive that causes dyslipidemia
metoprolol
gastric inhibitory peptide
released for protein, fat, carbs
causes insulin release
mumps is in what family?
paramyxovirus
small cell lung cancer oncogene
myc
thiazolidenidiones
-lazone
PPAR
reduce triglycerides, LDL cholesterol, blood glucose
cause hepatotoxicity, heart failure
resistance in parallel
1/R = 1/R1+1/R2+1/R3 etc.
treatment for neurogenic bladder
tolteridine and other anti-spasmodics
block m ACH receptor
wood tick transmits
rocky mountain spotted fever
tularemia
crew cut skull means
thalassemia or sickle cell
familial hypercholesterolemia. What’s missing
receptor for LDL that –> endocytosis
median nerve in the hand
muscles of the thenar eminence: opponens policis and abductor/ flexor pollicis BREVIS,
plus lateral lumbricals (prevent clawing)
sensation: palmar of 1st 3 fingers, tips on the back
treatment of heparin induced thrombocytopenia
stop heparin, start a direct thrombin inhibitor: bivalirudin, argatroban, danaparoid, or the selective factor Xa inhibitor, fondaparinux
minimal change disease. What’s going on?
. This causes a reduction of the glomerular basement membrane electrostatic repulsion and increases the glomerular permeability to plasma albumin. The loss of anionic charges is also thought to favor foot process effacement, typically seen on electron microscopy. The glomeruli appear normal on light microscopy.
splenic artery comes off the
celiac trunk
