Kaplan deck 2

Question 1

timing after MI

Answer 1

1 hour- no morphologic change
4-12 hours- coagulative necrosis
neutrophils- peak at 2-3 days
5-7 days- histiocytes, lymphocytes, early formation of granulation tissue. Risk of free wall rupture, papillary muscle rupture, or IV-septum rupture high.

Question 2

ductus arteriosus connects what?

Answer 2

left pulmonary artery to the aortic arch

PDA- machine murmur heard at upper left sternal border

Question 3

parcoccidioidomycosis

Answer 3

brazil
pilot’s wheel or mariner’s wheel yeasts
thick-walled, spherical with multiple peripheral buds

Question 4

glycogen storage diseases and enzymes

Answer 4

glucose-6-phosphatase- von Gierke

acid maltase- Pompe

glycogen dbranching- Cori

branching- Anderson

muscle phosphorylase- McArdle

hepatic glycogen phosphorylase- Hers

Question 5

associate HLAs

Answer 5

HLA-A3- primary hemochromatosis
HLA B27- psoriatic arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, inflammatory bowel disease, and reactive arthritis (Reiter syndrome)

HLA-DR2 and 3 with SLE

HLA DR3- type 1 diabetes and Graves disease

HLA-DR4- rheumatoid arthritis and (secondary: type 1 diabetes)

Question 6

what degrades norepinephrine?

Answer 6

MAO

some antidepressants inhibit

Question 7

maple syrup urine disease

Answer 7

branched-chain ketoaciduria
burnt sugar urine
onset 4-7 days after birth
lethargy, poor feeding, vomiting
mennonites

eliminate isoleucine from diet

Question 8

hypertensive that causes dyslipidemia

Answer 8

metoprolol

Question 9

gastric inhibitory peptide

Answer 9

released for protein, fat, carbs

causes insulin release

Question 10

mumps is in what family?

Answer 10

paramyxovirus

Question 11

small cell lung cancer oncogene

Answer 11

myc

Question 12

thiazolidenidiones

Answer 12

-lazone
PPAR
reduce triglycerides, LDL cholesterol, blood glucose
cause hepatotoxicity, heart failure

Question 13

resistance in parallel

Answer 13

1/R = 1/R1+1/R2+1/R3 etc.

Question 14

treatment for neurogenic bladder

Answer 14

tolteridine and other anti-spasmodics

block m ACH receptor

Question 15

wood tick transmits

Answer 15

rocky mountain spotted fever

tularemia

Question 16

crew cut skull means

Answer 16

thalassemia or sickle cell

Question 17

familial hypercholesterolemia. What’s missing

Answer 17

receptor for LDL that –> endocytosis

Question 18

median nerve in the hand

Answer 18

muscles of the thenar eminence: opponens policis and abductor/ flexor pollicis BREVIS,
plus lateral lumbricals (prevent clawing)

sensation: palmar of 1st 3 fingers, tips on the back

Question 19

treatment of heparin induced thrombocytopenia

Answer 19

stop heparin, start a direct thrombin inhibitor: bivalirudin, argatroban, danaparoid, or the selective factor Xa inhibitor, fondaparinux

Question 20

minimal change disease. What’s going on?

Answer 20

. This causes a reduction of the glomerular basement membrane electrostatic repulsion and increases the glomerular permeability to plasma albumin. The loss of anionic charges is also thought to favor foot process effacement, typically seen on electron microscopy. The glomeruli appear normal on light microscopy.

Question 21

splenic artery comes off the

Answer 21

celiac trunk