Use Of Guidance + Feedback

Question 1

Methods of guidance

Answer 1

Visual
Verbal
Manual
Mechanical

Question 2

Visual guidance

Answer 2

Description = where performer sees correct way to perform, eg demo, videos. Good for cognitive performers. Need to be given time to practice. Performers need to focus on key aspects of skill.
Advantages = illustrates what it’s meant to look like, helps build mental image, works well with verbal guidance, highlights weaknesses
Disadvantages = demo must be accurate, performer must be able to match demo, could cause info overload.
Example = coach demos overhead throw in football c also shows video.

Question 3

Verbal guidance

Answer 3

Description = coach instructs + explains using key points of skill, useful for advanced performers eg autonomous. Used to give tactics, strategies or technical info. Info needs to be brief + meaningful
Advantages = can be given immediately, useful for open skills, works well with visual guidance
Disadvantages = possible info overload, lengthy info can cause loss of concentration, cognitive performers may not understand technical terms
Example = rugby coach instructs a performer to run a ‘miss pass’ set play

Question 4

Manual guidance

Answer 4

Description = coach uses own body to physically support or manipulate performers body to force a response
Advantages = effective for cognitive performers, improves safety, reduces fear, while skill can be attempted, allows performer to develop feel for movement
Disadvantages = performer may become reliant, could create incorrect feel, bad habits may be instilled, performer may become demotivated as they aren’t performing by themselves, proximity may be uncomfortable for performer
Example = during vault, coach supports performers back to help them travel over the vault

Question 5

Mechanical guidance

Answer 5

Description = equipment, apparatus or device used to aid + shape movement
Advantages = effective for cognitive performers, improves safety, reduces fear, while skill can be attempted, allows performer to develop feel for movement
Disadvantages = performer may become reliant, could create incorrect feel, bad habits may be instilled, performer may become demotivated as they aren’t performing by themselves.
Example = trampoline coach using a harness to teach a somersault for first time.

Question 6

Purposes of feed back

Answer 6

Reinforces correct actions
Corrects errors
Eliminates bad habits
Acts as motivator
Builds confidence

Question 7

Types of feedback

Answer 7

• Knowledge of performance = info about why skill / action was successful or unsuccessful, including technique + quality
• knowledge of results = info about whether or not skill was successful (repeat) or unsuccessful (adjust next time)
• positive = info about what was correct, so it can be repeated in future
• negative = info about incorrect actions so they are not repeated + errors are corrected
• intrinsic = from within, used to feel if action was correct or not
• extrinsic = from outside source, used to reinforce correct actions + correct errors