Skill, Skill Continuums + Transfer Of Skills Flashcards
Characteristics of skill
Aesthetic
Consistent
Efficient
Fluent
Accurate
C
E
Open / closed
Open = environment changes while skill is being performed eg chest pass
Closed = conditions are stable enabling repetition of same movement eg backroll in gymnastics
Gross / fine
Gross = large muscle groups used eg sprint start
Fine = small muscle groups used eg snooker shot
Self-paced / externally-paced
Self-paced = in control of timing of skill eg free kick
Externally paced = no control over timing of skill eg receiving hockey pass from teammate
Highly organised / low organisation
Highly organised = difficult to break down into subroutines eg sprint start
Low organisation = easily broken down into subroutines eg back crawl in swimming
Simple / complex
Simple = limited decision making eg forward roll in gymnastics
Complex = several decisions must be made eg centre play in rugby
Discrete / serial / continuous
Discrete = clear beginning, middle + end eg pirouette
Serial = number of discrete skills performed together eg triple jump action
Continuous = no clear beginning, middle + end eg cycling
Transfer of learning
Positive = learning of a skill facilities the learning of another eg over arm throw to volleyball serve
Negative = learning of a skill inhibits the learning of another eg tennis forehand drive hinders badminton forehand clear
Zero = no similarities therefore no effect eg tackle in rugby has no effect on a tumble turn
Bilateral = learning of skill on one side of body then transferred to opposite side eg snooker shots of left transfers to right
To encourage positive transfer coaches should
- ensure performer has over learned first skill before introducing second / more advanced skill
- make practice environment as close to game situation as possible
- give praise + positive performance when positive transfer takes place
- avoid teaching skills close together that might appear the same but have distinct differences
