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u.s. presidents Flashcards

1
Q

defeated last Federalist candidate Rufus King in first election

A

Monroe

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2
Q

wrote ‘A View on the Conduct of the Executive,’ defending himself as Minister to France

A

Monroe

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3
Q

Spain ceded Florida to the United States through the Adams-Onis Treaty

A

Monroe

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4
Q

failed to negotiate renewal of Jay’s Treaty with William Pinkney

A

Monroe

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5
Q

put down Gabriel Prosser’s rebellion while Governor of Virginia

A

Monroe

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6
Q

helped Robert Livingston negotiate the Louisiana Purchase

A

Monroe

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7
Q

secured the release of Thomas Paine from prison

A

Monroe

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8
Q

vetoed the Cumberland Road Bill

A

Monroe

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9
Q

vice president Daniel Tompkins

A

Monroe

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10
Q

simultaneously served as Secretary of War and Secretary of Treasury

A

Monroe

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11
Q

Secretary of the Navy Smith Thompson only Supreme Court appointment

A

Monroe

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12
Q

used the name Helvidius

A

Madison

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13
Q

wrote ‘if men were angels, no government would be necessary’

A

Madison

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14
Q

stated ‘ambition must be made to counteract ambition’

A

Madison

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15
Q

held slave Paul Jennings

A

Madison

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16
Q

fled sitting position after Battle of Bladensburg

A

Madison

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17
Q

wife saved portrait of George Washington

A

Madison

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18
Q

argued ‘extending the sphere’ protects liberty from ‘factions’

A

Madison

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19
Q

took copious notes during Constitutional Convention

A

Madison

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20
Q

wrote the ‘Virginia Plan’ along with Edmund Randolph

A

Madison

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21
Q

opposed but signed Macon’s Bill No. 2

A

Madison

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22
Q

defended slaves on the Amistad with Roger Sherman Baldwin

A

Quincy Adams

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23
Q

rejected William Crawford as Secretary of State, then beat him in an election

A

Quincy Adams

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24
Q

negotiated the Treaty of Ghent

A

Quincy Adams

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25
Q

ran for governor on Anti-Masonic ticket

A

Quincy Adams

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26
Q

passed first law declared unconstitutional by South Carolina

A

Quincy Adams

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27
Q

signed the Tariff of Abominations

A

Quincy Adams

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28
Q

appointed Richard Rush as running mate and Secretary of State

A

Quincy Adams

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29
Q

appointed William Wirt as Attorney General

A

Quincy Adams

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30
Q

criticized Thomas Paine under the pseudonym Publicola

A

Quincy Adams

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31
Q

appointed Robert Trimble to Supreme Court

A

Quincy Adams

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32
Q

provoked outcry after executing Arbuthnot and Ambrister

A

Jackson

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33
Q

Richard Lawrence tried to assassinate this man but failed

A

Jackson

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34
Q

Secretary of Treasury Levi Woodbury

A

Jackson

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35
Q

won Seminole Wars after battle at Negro Fort

A

Jackson

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36
Q

defeated Edward Pakenham in a battle on ‘The Eighth’

A

Jackson

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37
Q

was scarred by a sword for refusing to shine boots of a British officer

A

Jackson

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38
Q

appointed Roger Taney to Supreme Court instead of Thomas Hart Benton

A

Jackson

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39
Q

All but one member of hid cabinet resigned after he supported Peggy Eaton in Petticoat Affair

A

Jackson

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40
Q

vetoed a bill to construct a road to Maysville, Kentucky

A

Jackson

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41
Q

his wife died after an election

A

Jackson

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42
Q

led Bucktails, a group opposing George Clinton

A

Van Buren

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43
Q

ran in 1848 on Free Soil Ticket

A

Van Buren

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44
Q

lifestyle attacked in Charles Ogle’s Gold Spoon oration

A

Van Buren

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45
Q

sent Winfield Scott to resolve Caroline Affair and Aroostook War

A

Van Buren

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46
Q

vice president supposedly killed Tecumseh

A

Van Buren

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47
Q

known as Little Magician

A

Van Buren

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48
Q

passed Independent Treasury Act

A

Van Buren

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49
Q

resigned from one position following Petticoat Affair

A

Van Buren

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50
Q

offered ambassadorship to London after losing election to Polk

A

Van Buren

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51
Q

Governor authorized military force to expel Mormons during Van Buren’s presidency

A

Lilburn Boggs

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52
Q

defeated Shawnee at Battle of Tippecanoe

A

Henry Harrison

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53
Q

aide-de-camp for ‘Mad Anthony’ Wayne

A

Henry Harrison

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54
Q

appointed Governor of Indiana by John Adams

A

Henry Harrison

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55
Q

beat Arthur St. Clair Jr. by one vote in an election for Northwest Territory’s congressional delegate at 26

A

Henry Harrison

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56
Q

founded Vincennes University

A

Henry Harrison

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57
Q

lobbied to rescind anti-slavery Article VI in the Northwest Ordinance

A

Henry Harrison

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58
Q

known as Log Cabin and Hard Cider candidate

A

Henry Harrison

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59
Q

Secretary of Navy and State killed when Peacemaker gun exploded aboard USS Princeton

A

Tyler

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60
Q

first president to have a veto overridden

A

Tyler

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61
Q

signed Treaty of Wanghia with the Qing Dynasty

A

Tyler

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62
Q

signed a bill offering the annexation of Texas three days before leaving office

A

Tyler

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63
Q

nicknamed ‘his Accidency’ for how he got the presidency

A

Tyler

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64
Q

entire cabinet, except Secretary of State Daniel Webster, resigned after he vetoed Henry Clay’s bill to resurrect a national bank

A

Tyler

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65
Q

served in the Congress of the Confederacy after presidency

A

Tyler

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66
Q

Secretary of State under this president negotiated namesake border treaty between Maine and Canada

A

Tyler

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67
Q

failed to send federal troops to put down Dorr’s Rebellion

A

Tyler

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68
Q

unsuccessfully nominated Edward King twice to the Supreme Court

A

Tyler

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69
Q

minister Benjamin Bidlack guaranteed Colombian sovereignty in exchange for U.S. right of way across Panama

A

Polk

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70
Q

Secretary of the Navy George Bancroft established Naval Academy

A

Polk

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71
Q

lowered import duties with the Walker Tariff, named for Treasury Secretary

A

Polk

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72
Q

carried slogan ‘fifty-four forty or fight,’ but abandoned that position with the Oregon Treaty

A

Polk

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73
Q

dispatched Nicholas Trist and John Slidell to resolve a foreign treaty

A

Polk

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74
Q

held position of governor of Tennessee

A

Polk

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75
Q

only Speaker of the House to be elected President

A

Polk

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76
Q

called ‘Young Hickory’ because of immense support for Andrew Jackson

A

Polk

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77
Q

defeated James Buchanan, who then became Secretary of State

A

Polk

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78
Q

restored previous President’s Independent Treasury Act

A

Polk

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79
Q

relieved Siege of Fort Texas by winning Battle of Palo Alto

A

Taylor

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80
Q

defeated Seminoles at Battle of Lake Okeechobee

A

Taylor

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81
Q

final days of presidency marred by Galphin Affair

A

Taylor

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82
Q

negotiated Clayton-Bulwar Treaty with Britain over a canal in Nicaragua

A

Taylor

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83
Q

defeated army three times his size at Battle of Buena Vista

A

Taylor

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84
Q

called ‘Old Rough-and-Ready’

A

Taylor

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85
Q

died 16 months into presidency from a stomach disease

A

Taylor

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86
Q

held Cypress Grove Plantation

A

Taylor

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87
Q

perceived insult from French minister Guillaume Tell Poussin almost led to a break in diplomatic relations

A

Taylor

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88
Q

arrested Narciso Lopez, Venezuelan radical trying to conquer Cuba

A

Taylor

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89
Q

met with Lajos Kossuth, exiled leader of Hungary

A

Fillmore

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90
Q

supported and signed Compromise of 1850

A

Fillmore

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91
Q

last Whig president

A

Fillmore

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92
Q

second secretary of state Edward Everett

A

Fillmore

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93
Q

running mate Andrew Jackson Donelson

A

Fillmore

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94
Q

deployed Commodore Perry

A

Fillmore

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95
Q

‘Know-Nothing’ presidential candidate

A

Fillmore

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96
Q

became friends with prison reformer Dorothea Dix

A

Fillmore

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97
Q

appointed Mormon leader Brigham Young governor of Utah Territory

A

Fillmore

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98
Q

subsidized the Illinois Central Railroad, and then rode the first train from New York to Lake Erie

A

Fillmore

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99
Q

severely injured after his horse fell on his leg during Battle of Contreras

A

Pierce

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100
Q

faced backlash after release of the Ostend Manifesto, released by Pierre Soule, which recommended taking of Cuba

A

Pierce

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101
Q

signed Gadsden Purchase

A

Pierce

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102
Q

4th of July speech denouncing the Civil War as ‘fruitless’ was interrupted by news of victory at Gettysburg

A

Pierce

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103
Q

acquired nickname ‘Fainting’ after passing out at Churubusco

A

Pierce

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104
Q

ran alongside William Rufus King, who died during his term

A

Pierce

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105
Q

supported in presidential campaign by ‘Granite Clubs’

A

Pierce

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106
Q

appointed John Archibald Campbell to the Supreme Court

A

Pierce

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107
Q

called ‘archtraitor’ by Harriet Beecher Stowe

A

Pierce

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108
Q

repealed Missouri Compromise

A

Pierce

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109
Q

supported Ostend Manifesto along with Pierre Soule

A

Buchanan

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110
Q

Secretary of State under Polk

A

Buchanan

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111
Q

sent Star of the West to assist Robert Anderson

A

Buchanan

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112
Q

vice-president John Breckinridge

A

Buchanan

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113
Q

led agrarian political faction called Amalgamators

A

Buchanan

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114
Q

named a border treaty with Sir Richard Pakenham, alternatively called the Oregon Treaty

A

Buchanan

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115
Q

namesake blunder occurred when he attempted to replace Brigham Young as the Governor of the Utah Territory

A

Buchanan

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116
Q

defeated ‘Know-Nothing’ Millard Fillmore and John C. Fremont

A

Buchanan

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117
Q

promoted Postmaster General Joseph Holt to Secretary of War

A

Buchanan

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118
Q

Covode Committee chastised him for allowing War and Navy Departments to award no-bid contracts

A

Buchanan

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119
Q

‘malice towards none’ and ‘charity for all’

A

Lincoln

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120
Q

gave Lyceum Address and Cooper Union speech

A

Lincoln

121
Q

private secretaries Nicolay and Hay published their papers in 12 volumes

A

Lincoln

122
Q

‘let us have faith that makes might’

A

Lincoln

123
Q

‘Lost Speech’ supposedly so good reporters put their pencils down to listen

A

Lincoln

124
Q

‘fondly we do hope, fervently we do pray’

A

Lincoln

125
Q

defended ‘Duff’ Armstrong in a murder trial

A

Lincoln

126
Q

asked for proof of Mexican belligerence in the Spot Resolutions

A

Lincoln

127
Q

gave Peoria Speech against Kansas-Nebraska Act

A

Lincoln

128
Q

defeated John C. Breckenridge and John Bell in his first presidential election

A

Lincoln

129
Q

compared himself to Christ in the ‘Swing Around the Circle’ campaign

A

Andrew Johnson

130
Q

violated Tenure of Office Act

A

Andrew Johnson

131
Q

tried, but failed to fire Edwin Stanton

A

Andrew Johnson

132
Q

appointed Lorenzo Thomas in violation of one law

A

Andrew Johnson

133
Q

only former President to later serve as a Senator from Tennessee

A

Andrew Johnson

134
Q

replaced Hannibal Hamlin in one position

A

Andrew Johnson

135
Q

JFK’s ‘Profiles in Courage’ describes one action against this man that failed with Edwin Ross’ acquittal

A

Andrew Johnson

136
Q

Benjamin Butler referred to this man as a ‘great obstruction’

A

Andrew Johnson

137
Q

feuded with Radical Republicans

A

Andrew Johnson

138
Q

denounced Thad Stevens and Wendell Phillips

A

Andrew Johnson

139
Q

nearly bankrupted after being scammed by Ferdinand Ward

A

Grant

140
Q

Secretary of State Hamilton Fish negotiated Treaty of Washington to settle Alabama Claims

A

Grant

141
Q

Mark Twain provided financial security while he was dying of throat cancer

A

Grant

142
Q

personal secretary Orville Babcock

A

Grant

143
Q

secretary of war William Belknap impeached as private citizen for actions in the Indian Ring

A

Grant

144
Q

president during Credit Mobilier and Whiskey Ring

A

Grant

145
Q

changed Vice President candidate from Schuyler Colfax to Henry Wilson because of the former’s involvement in a scandal

A

Grant

146
Q

Secretary of Treasury Benjamin Bristow helped resolve one key issue

A

Grant

147
Q

veto of Inflation Bill and passage of Fourth Coinage Act embraced gold standard and caused founding of Greenback Party

A

Grant

148
Q

Jim Fisk and Jay Gould attempted to corner gold market on Black Friday

A

Grant

149
Q

sent in troops to strike down Great Railroad Strike in Martinsburg, WV

A

Hayes

150
Q

intense rivalry with New York Senator and ‘Stalwart’ Roscoe Conkling

A

Hayes

151
Q

fought with Senate over confirmations of Theodore Roosevelt, Sr., L. Bradford Prince, and Edwin Merritt

A

Hayes

152
Q

embarked on the 71-day Great Western Tour

A

Hayes

153
Q

stopped granting pensions for veterans under new commission

A

Hayes

154
Q

called ‘His Fraudulency’ after a disputed election

A

Hayes

155
Q

removed troops from South Carolina and Louisiana

A

Hayes

156
Q

first president to complete the White House grounds

A

Hayes

157
Q

established Civil Service Reform

A

Hayes

158
Q

banned alcohol from White House

A

Hayes

159
Q

assassinated four months into presidency

A

Garfield

160
Q

invented the concept of ‘proportional representation’

A

Garfield

161
Q

first president to campaign in the South

A

Garfield

162
Q

served in House of Representatives

A

Garfield

163
Q

first president to have a campaign slogan

A

Garfield

164
Q

one of three Republican candidates during contested convention in 1880

A

Garfield

165
Q

broke deadlock of Republican National Convention by gaining support from moderates

A

Garfield

166
Q

supported the legislation that created the first national bank in the U.S.

A

Garfield

167
Q

served as president for six months before dying

A

Garfield

168
Q

was shot in Washington D.C. by Charles Guiteau

A

Garfield

169
Q

got caught in the middle of a power struggle between reform-minded and Stalwart factions of Republican Party

A

Arthur

170
Q

conducted investigation of New York custom house

A

Arthur

171
Q

signed Chinese Exclusion Act

A

Arthur

172
Q

improved U.S. Navy and pushed for modern battleships

A

Arthur

173
Q

believed he would be next U.S. senator from New York

A

Arthur

174
Q

appointed John Jay to a board to oversee Manhattan’s subways

A

Arthur

175
Q

proposed the Tariff of 1883

A

Arthur

176
Q

inaugurated to replace Garfield after he was assassinated

A

Arthur

177
Q

relatively ineffective president

A

Arthur

178
Q

reorganized the post office into a modern service

A

Arthur

179
Q

defeated by Benjamin Harrison

A

Cleveland

180
Q

known as the ‘veto president’ for rejecting multiple bills

A

Cleveland

181
Q

the only president to serve non-consecutive terms

A

Cleveland

182
Q

fought with a variety of local bosses over economic policies

A

Cleveland

183
Q

oversaw the American economy during the Pullman Strike

A

Cleveland

184
Q

defended the Wilson-Gorman Tariff Act and opposed it after it was enacted

A

Cleveland

185
Q

enforced existing laws on monopoly cases

A

Cleveland

186
Q

signed the Interstate Commerce Act

A

Cleveland

187
Q

repealed the Sherman Silver Purchase Act

A

Cleveland

188
Q

served as governor of New York before presidency

A

Cleveland

189
Q

lost election to Grover Cleveland, winning only the South and West

A

Harrison

190
Q

grandson of President William Henry Harrison

A

Harrison

191
Q

fought in the Spanish-American War

A

Harrison

192
Q

led a campaign to annex Hawaii

A

Harrison

193
Q

authored the ‘New Deal’ to help suffering Americans

A

Harrison

194
Q

signed the Sherman Antitrust Act to break up monopolies

A

Harrison

195
Q

oversaw a number of federal projects

A

Harrison

196
Q

promoted the passage of the McKinley Tariff

A

Harrison

197
Q

succeeded in raising the tariff rates

A

Harrison

198
Q

reformed the Post Office and established parcel post

A

Harrison

199
Q

served as Assistant Secretary of the Navy under William Howard Taft

A

Roosevelt

200
Q

increased the size of the Navy and used it to exert U.S. influence

A

Roosevelt

201
Q

negotiated the Treaty of Portsmouth that ended the Russo-Japanese War

A

Roosevelt

202
Q

made contributions to the Progressive Movement

A

Roosevelt

203
Q

developed a reputation for trust-busting and conservation

A

Roosevelt

204
Q

gained support for the Panama Canal

A

Roosevelt

205
Q

pursued a policy of Big Stick diplomacy

A

Roosevelt

206
Q

won the Nobel Peace Prize in 1906

A

Roosevelt

207
Q

led the Rough Riders during the Spanish-American War

A

Roosevelt

208
Q

‘speak softly and carry a big stick’

A

Roosevelt

209
Q

first president to run for re-election

A

Taft

210
Q

promoted the Dollar Diplomacy

A

Taft

211
Q

signed the Payne-Aldrich Tariff, which angered progressives

A

Taft

212
Q

called a meeting of the National Conference of the Governors

A

Taft

213
Q

served as Secretary of War before presidency

A

Taft

214
Q

oversaw the creation of the United States Postal Savings Bank

A

Taft

215
Q

split the Republican Party during the 1912 election

A

Taft

216
Q

relied heavily on the influence of his chief advisor, Elihu Root

A

Taft

217
Q

his administration faced issues regarding trusts

A

Taft

218
Q

established the Department of Labor

A

Taft

219
Q

faced a serious economic crisis known as the Great Depression

A

Wilson

220
Q

promoted and enforced the Clayton Antitrust Act

A

Wilson

221
Q

presided over the United States’ entry into World War I

A

Wilson

222
Q

proposed a Fourteen Points program to promote peace after WWI

A

Wilson

223
Q

was an advocate for the League of Nations

A

Wilson

224
Q

won the Nobel Peace Prize for his efforts in establishing the League of Nations

A

Wilson

225
Q

faced serious challenges regarding civil rights for African Americans

A

Wilson

226
Q

called for economic reforms that became known as the New Freedom

A

Wilson

227
Q

lowered tariffs through the Underwood Tariff Act

A

Wilson

228
Q

unveiled the Federal Reserve Act, which created the Federal Reserve System

A

Wilson

229
Q

died less than a month after leaving office

A

Harding

230
Q

known for his ‘return to normalcy’ slogan

A

Harding

231
Q

oversaw scandals like the Teapot Dome

A

Harding

232
Q

called for a reduction of taxes on wealthy individuals

A

Harding

233
Q

called for disarmament after WWI

A

Harding

234
Q

presided over a rapid economic growth in the early 1920s

A

Harding

235
Q

established the Bureau of the Budget

A

Harding

236
Q

encouraged pro-business policies during presidency

A

Harding

237
Q

worked to ease tensions with Mexico during his term

A

Harding

238
Q

championed the development of aviation during his presidency

A

Harding

239
Q

was known for his ‘coolidge prosperity’ era

A

Calvin Coolidge

240
Q

reduced taxes and government spending

A

Calvin Coolidge

241
Q

vetoed the McNary-Haugen Farm Relief Bill

A

Calvin Coolidge

242
Q

known for his belief in laissez-faire economics

A

Calvin Coolidge

243
Q

helped expand the aviation industry during his presidency

A

Calvin Coolidge

244
Q

lowered the national debt during his presidency

A

Calvin Coolidge

245
Q

the only president to be sworn in by his father

A

Calvin Coolidge

246
Q

made the first radio broadcast from the White House

A

Calvin Coolidge

247
Q

promoted national economic growth

A

Calvin Coolidge

248
Q

served as governor of Massachusetts before presidency

A

Calvin Coolidge

249
Q

presided over the Great Depression

A

Herbert Hoover

250
Q

promoted the Reconstruction Finance Corporation

A

Herbert Hoover

251
Q

tried to implement public works projects to stimulate the economy

A

Herbert Hoover

252
Q

was a proponent of limited government intervention

A

Herbert Hoover

253
Q

faced backlash for the Bonus Army incident

A

Herbert Hoover

254
Q

suffered from declining popularity due to economic hardships

A

Herbert Hoover

255
Q

pushed for a balanced federal budget

A

Herbert Hoover

256
Q

oversaw the stock market crash of 1929

A

Herbert Hoover

257
Q

witnessed a wave of bank failures during his term

A

Herbert Hoover

258
Q

known for his humanitarian efforts before his presidency

A

Herbert Hoover

259
Q

won the presidency for four consecutive terms

A

Franklin Roosevelt

260
Q

established the New Deal to combat the Great Depression

A

Franklin Roosevelt

261
Q

fired the first shot of World War II by declaring war on Japan

A

Franklin Roosevelt

262
Q

held a meeting with Churchill and Stalin

A

Franklin Roosevelt

263
Q

proposed the ‘Four Freedoms’ as core American ideals

A

Franklin Roosevelt

264
Q

signed the Social Security Act

A

Franklin Roosevelt

265
Q

established the Tennessee Valley Authority

A

Franklin Roosevelt

266
Q

oversaw the creation of the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation

A

Franklin Roosevelt

267
Q

promoted programs for public works

A

Franklin Roosevelt

268
Q

was diagnosed with polio

A

Franklin Roosevelt

269
Q

made the decision to drop atomic bombs on Japan

A

Truman

270
Q

recognized Israel shortly after its creation

A

Truman

271
Q

initiated the Marshall Plan to aid European recovery

A

Truman

272
Q

signed the Truman Doctrine to contain communism

A

Truman

273
Q

oversaw the desegregation of the military

A

Truman

274
Q

faced challenges with North Korea during the Korean War

A

Truman

275
Q

involved in the Potsdam Conference with Allied leaders

A

Truman

276
Q

popularized the ‘Fair Deal’ as an extension of the New Deal

A

Truman

277
Q

established the National Security Council

A

Truman

278
Q

oversaw the conversion of wartime economy to peacetime economy

A

Truman

279
Q

commanded Allied forces during World War II

A

Eisenhower

280
Q

initiated the Eisenhower Doctrine to combat communism

A

Eisenhower

281
Q

presided over the expansion of the interstate highway system

A

Eisenhower

282
Q

faced the Suez Crisis during his presidency

A

Eisenhower

283
Q

won the 1952 election against Adlai Stevenson

A

Eisenhower

284
Q

sought to balance the federal budget

A

Eisenhower

285
Q

established the Department of Health, Education, and Welfare

A

Eisenhower

286
Q

called for a ‘peaceful coexistence’ with the Soviet Union

A

Eisenhower

287
Q

was instrumental in the creation of NASA

A

Eisenhower

288
Q

encouraged the use of nuclear power for peaceful purposes

A

Eisenhower

289
Q

signed the Civil Rights Act of 1964 into law

A

Lyndon B. Johnson

290
Q

promoted the Great Society programs

A

Lyndon B. Johnson

291
Q

escalated U.S. involvement in Vietnam War

A

Lyndon B. Johnson

292
Q

faced significant civil unrest during his presidency

A

Lyndon B. Johnson

293
Q

successfully pushed through Medicare and Medicaid

A

Lyndon B. Johnson

294
Q

was known for his ‘Johnson treatment’ in politics

A

Lyndon B. Johnson

295
Q

presided over the Apollo 11 moon landing

A

Lyndon B. Johnson

296
Q

oversaw the Voting Rights Act of 1965

A

Lyndon B. Johnson

297
Q

worked on poverty reduction initiatives

A

Lyndon B. Johnson

298
Q

was a former teacher before entering politics

A

Lyndon B. Johnson

299
Q
A

quarterbacking (15 decks)

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