US History 1789-1877

Question 1

Class systems of France

Answer 1

First estate: the goddam church clergy
Second estate: nobility
Third: the poor {97 percent of the population and the only ones who pay taxes

Question 2

Where were the philosophers of the French Revolution

Answer 2

Rousseau
Voltaire
Montesquieu

Question 3

June 1789 for the French Revolution?

Answer 3

Members of the third estate declared they were a National Assembly. The first and second estates joined and king Louis XVI conceded

Question 4

Bastille fortress in Paris?

Answer 4

Rioters seized gunpowder and weapons. They seized control and executed king Louis XVI and Queen Marie Antoinette

Question 5

Proclamation of neutrality?

Answer 5

Washington said we can’t get involved in europes conflicts even though the French we’re going throihh gh the Revolution

Question 6

Seven year war?
When and what?

Answer 6

French and indian war in - 1754 - 1763
Colonies wanted into the Ohio river valley. Land was already claimed by France. Caused a war. British on one side, the French and native Americans on the other. Brits won. France left the land alone and left the native Americans weakened and with no defense. George Washington became a colonial hero.

Question 7

Proclamation of 1763

Answer 7

After the French and Indian war, king George made this proclamation to prevent colonists from settling the Ohio river land. They could not go in, which pissed them off because they fought for the land from France and the Native Americans.

Question 8

What were the acts in order for leading up to the revolutionary war after the French and Indian war? (7)

Answer 8

Sugar Act - 1764 (All British colonies got this one and it was right after the war)

Stamp Act - 1765 (only for Americans, formed the sons of liberty)

Quartering act - 1765 (All room and board for British soldiers)

Townshend Act 1767 (First non-importation agreement aimed at reducing the revenues. They repealed all taxes but the tea one.

Boston Massacre 1770. (3 people died, British shot at Americans, tensions rise)

Tea Act 1773 - British East India bypassing American sellers to sell directly. Lead to Boston Tea party

Intolerable Acts 1774 - Closed Boston harbor, stronger quartering, martial law on Massachusetts. Lead to First Continental Congress without Georgia.

Question 9

July 4th 1776

Answer 9

Second congressional congress, drew up the Declaration of Independence. Penned by Thomas Jefferson. Main grievance was British interference with trade.

Crown was pissed but British citizens were okay with separating because colonies are expensive.

Question 10

The battles near Saratoga New York?

Answer 10

They were the two battles that made France recognize the colonies as a country and gave military assistance.

Question 11

Treaty of Paris

Answer 11

Declared our independence.

Question 12

Articles of confederation?

Answer 12

Pre-constitution. What we used to govern ourselves during the revolutionary war.

Question 13

When was the constitution written?

Answer 13

1787

Question 14

Biggest conflict for the young government?

Answer 14

Bank of the United states.
Federalists (Hamilton, wanted a strong centralized bank run federally to collect taxes.)

The election of the 1800s created the two system party (Democratic-Republicans which wanted states’ rights and Federalists who wanted a stronger central government)

Question 15

Federalist papers?

Answer 15

Written by Hamilton, James Madison and John Jay. 85 papers. In support of the new US constitution. Patrick Henry and Thomas Jefferson were among those who spoke out against the constitution

Question 16

Bill of Rights?

Answer 16

First ten amendments to settle conflict over the constitution

1st Amendment: Protects against restrictions on freedom of speech, religion, press, petition, and assembly

2nd Amendment: Protects against restrictions of the right to bear arms

3rd Amendment: Protects against the quartering of troops in homes

4th Amendment: Protects against unlawful searches and seizures (requires warrants)

5th Amendment: Protects against unsupported accusations of wrongdoing, self-incrimination, and double jeopardy (being charged for the same crime twice)

6th Amendment: Protects the right to a fair, speedy, and public trial; the right to a lawyer, the right to confront accusers, and the right to an impartial jury

7th Amendment: Protects the right to a jury trial in civil cases

8th Amendment: Protects against cruel and unusual punishment

9th Amendment: Protects the rights of the individuals not specifically listed (unenumerated rights)

10th Amendment: Protects powers of states that are not specifically listed in the Constitution (reserved powers

Question 17

Samuel Adams?

Answer 17

Politician of Massachusetts house of representatives in 1760s

Founding father.

Served on first and second congressional hearing.

Helped draft articles of confederation and declaration of the independence.

Articulated ideology of the revolution, many speeches, made Massachusetts circular letter.

Question 18

Ben Franklin?

Answer 18

Founding father. Inventor, diplomat and scientist.

Helped write Delcaration of independence and Treaty of Paris n 1783.

Ambassador to France.

Key in writing U.S Constitution.

Question 19

John Adams

Answer 19

Delegate from Massachusetts.

At the first and second continental congress.

Helped with the declaration of independence.

Served vice president to George Washington and became second president of the United States.

Federalist.

Question 20

Alexander Hamilton

Answer 20

First and second of the treasury.

Trade based economy supporter.

Promoted the Constitution.

Wrote most of the federalist papers.

Developed a five-point plan that became the basis of the American financial system.

Question 21

Thomas Paine

Answer 21

Wrote Common Sense which was a pamphlet what sold 100,000 copies that incited the revolution because the king was violating their human rights

Question 22

John Jay

Answer 22

First chief of justice in the supreme court.

Defended the constitution and wrote five federalist papers.

Established independence of the court by refusing to weigh in on legislation pending in congress.

Made many of the rules and procedures for court.

Made the Jay treaty with Britain that secured trade between England and British east indies

Left supreme court voluntary and went to govern New York where he tried to abolish slavery.

Question 23

Abigail Adams

Answer 23

Wife to John Adams.

Spoke often to Adams while he was at first and second congressional hearings.

Worked for Women’s rights with Martha Washington and Mercy Otis Warren.

Question 24

Thomas Jefferson

Answer 24

Democrat-Republican

Third president of the United States.

Oversaw the Louisiana Purchase from Napoleon.

Supported the Embargo Act

Question 25

Second Industrial Revolution, when and what are the four major accomplishments?

Answer 25

1870-1914
Mass production of textiles.
Introduced steel to replace iron.

Made way for rail lines , ships etc.

Electricity making it so people could work past sunset.

Question 26

Electricity inventors - 3
Invention Eras - 3

Answer 26

Alexander Graham Bell - Telephone.

Thomas Edison - Lightbulb (fucking lying ass bitch.)

Nikola Tesla - Harnessed AC power for use in the power grid. Powered Chicago’s world fair in 1893

1800s - Electric street cars replace carriages.

1901 - Radio waves across the ocean.

internal combustion engine - 1860 and Henry Ford use the advancements of the era and created a mass-production of cars for America

Question 27

Chinese Exclusion Act 1882

Answer 27

First and only law that excluded an entire nationality.

Question 28

Isolationism in 1917? 5

Answer 28

Strong Xenophobia.

First Red Scare which was followed by Russia Revolution of 1917.

Demanded Isolationism - no alliances after WWI

Immigration act of 1917. Made literacy tests for immigrants and barred immigration from Asia-Pacific region.

Immigrants came from Italy, Russia, Poland,

Question 29

Ellis Island?

Answer 29

Hospital in 1954 which evaluated immigrants to see if they were fit enough to enter the country

Question 30

Early 20th Century with immigrants?

Answer 30

Urbanization. Immigrants settled in cities to work in factories.

Question 31

Labor Day, what is it and when?

Answer 31

is a federal holiday to celebrate the labor movement in the 1800s and the contributions of laborers to the country.

Question 32

Progressive Era,

Answer 32

1890 to 1920s a period of U.S. history that saw widespread activism towards political, economic, and social reform in response to the problems caused by rapid industrialization and urbanization.

Union membership often included workers in urban areas who primarily worked as skilled laborers or factory workers.

Question 33

Sarah G. Bagley

Answer 33

She founded the Lowell Female Labor Reform Association in 1844. The association’s main goals were to obtain a ten-hour workday and to influence the Massachusetts State Legislature to investigate factory working conditions.

Question 34

American Federation of Labor (AFL)

Answer 34

1886
focusing solely on skilled labor in efforts to push forward more specific laws that had a higher chance of passing since they weren’t designed to apply to all workers.

Question 35

Haymarket Square

Answer 35

1886 Strike in Chicago.

At the rally in support of recent strikes and workers’ rights, several people died, and many were injured when a bomb was thrown into a crowd of police officers. While there were debates over who was responsible, after the tragedy, the event was often used to justify the suppression of labor strikes and protests, and, for a time, union membership declined as a result.

Question 36

Pullman Strike

Answer 36

1894 - May 11th - July 20th

To protest the treatment by the Pullman company of their workers, unions of railroad workers across the country refused to allow Pullman cars to be moved on the railroads.

President Cleveland used the courts and troops to intervene.

Question 37

New Deal Policies?

Answer 37

Franklin D. Roosevelt

workers in obtaining and maintaining employment in response to the Great Depression of the 1930s.

Question 38

Labor Acts through 1900s 4`

Answer 38

The Railway Labor Act (1926) removed the ability to strike for railroad and airline industries but allowed for bargaining, arbitration, and mediation.

The Wagner Act (officially the National Labor Relations Act of 1935) guaranteed the basic rights of workers to organize into unions, engage in collective bargaining, and strike if necessary (except for railroad and airline workers).

The Fair Labor Standards Act (1938) placed legal limits on hazardous and harmful labor conditions in workplaces.

The Taft-Hartley Act (officially the Labor Management Relations Act of 1947) restricted many powers and activities of labor unions.

Question 39

8th Ammendment?

Answer 39

Amendment to the US Constitution which protects against cruel and unusual punishment

Question 40

Lakota tribe? What were they and where were they?

Answer 40

A Native American tribe that transformed from sedentary to nomadic with the introduction of horses.
Great plains

Question 41

Battle of Saratoga

Answer 41

Fought in New York, the American victory is often called the turning point of the Revolutionary War. 1777

Question 42

What was Plymouth Colony and when was it?

Answer 42

First permanent English settlement in Massachusetts (1620)

Question 43

Sir Walter Raleigh

Answer 43

Established the Roanoke Colony

Question 44

Aztec Native Americans

Answer 44

The tribe in central Mexico that ruled itself and used creativity in art, music, poetry, and tattoos. Built temples and used rituals including human sacrifice. Main city was Tenochtitlan, the current Mexico City.

Question 45

Protestant Separatists

Answer 45

Pilgrims who wanted to get away from the Church of England; established Plymouth Colony.
The non catholic

Question 46

Inca Native Americans

Answer 46

The largest tribe located on the Pacific Coast of South America. Used mathematical skills. Believed in reincarnation and worshipped nature

Question 47

Pequot War

Answer 47

War between Pequot Indians and colonists from Massachusetts Bay, Plymouth, and Saybrook colonies.

Question 48

Bank of The United States. When was it and what did it do significantly ?

Answer 48

The debate over its creation (1791) led to the emergence of the first US political parties.

Question 49

Who, where and when were the Toltecs?

Answer 49

A civilization known for skill in metal work and pottery.
They were in central mexico. They were from 11th and 12 centuries

Question 50

House of Burgesses

Answer 50

The first elected legislative body which became a model for other colonies governmental systems. Met in Jamestown, Virginia.

Question 51

Bacon’s Rebellion

Answer 51

(1676 to 1677) An uprising of largely poor settlers in Virginia led by wealthy British colonist Nathaniel Bacon against Virginian governor William Berkeley. The uprising occurred after the governor refused to forcibly remove Native Americans from Virginia in an attempt to avoid a war against Native tribes. This is often considered to be an early sign that a struggle for independence from Britain was looming.

Question 52

Proclamation of 1763

Answer 52

In an attempt to avoid conflicts with Native Americans, this was issued by King George and stated that colonists couldn’t settle the Ohio River Valley.

Question 53

6th Amendment

Answer 53

Amendment to the US Constitution which protects the right to a fair, speedy, and public trial; the right to a lawyer, the right to confront accusers, and the right to an impartial jury

Question 54

Olmec

Answer 54

The first Meso-American civilization.

Question 55

Which of the following describes Jefferson Davis’s role in the Civil War?

a
He was the U.S. president during Reconstruction.

b
He was elected president of the Confederate States of America.

c
He led Confederate troops in the Battle of Gettysburg.

d
He was a military leader for the Union.

Answer 55

Option b is the correct answer.
Explanation:
Jefferson Davis was elected president by the Confederate States of America.

Question 56

Which are true of the election of Abraham Lincoln?

Select all answers that apply.

a
It prompted South Carolina to secede from the Union.

b
He ran on a moderate platform but revealed his intentions to abolish slavery quickly following his election.

c
He was elected without ever appearing on ballots in many Southern states.

d
He won the election to a federal rule to ban Confederate states from voting in US elections

Answer 56

A and C

Question 57

Which of the following were reversed by the Supreme Court’s decision in Dred Scott v. Sanford?

Select all answers that apply.

a
the Indian Removal Act

b
the Kansas-Nebraska Act

c
the Fugitive Slave Act

d
the Missouri Compromise
al.

Answer 57

b
the Kansas-Nebraska Act

Option b is the correct answer.
Explanation:
The Kansas-Nebraska Act included a doctrine of popular sovereignty, which allowed new territories to vote to determine the legality of slavery as they entered the Union. This was struck down in the Dred Scott ruling, removing the federal government’s ability to abolish or limit slavery in certain states or territories.

d
the Missouri Compromise

Option d is the correct answer.
Explanation:
The Dred Scott decision removed any federal power to abolish or limit slavery in certain states or territories. Because part of the Missouri Compromise involved the federal government forbidding slavery in certain territories, the ruling in the Dred Scott case deemed the Missouri Compromise unconstitutional.

Question 58

Which of the following pieces of legislation was made necessary by the outcome of the Mexican-American War?

a
the Missouri Compromise

b
the Indian Removal Act

c
the Homestead Act

d
the Compromise of 1850

Answer 58

Option d is the correct answer.
Explanation:
The Compromise of 1850 was required due to the rapid expansion of US territory that was the result of the Mexican-American War. Both pro- and anti-slavery activists saw the new territories as integral to turning the tide of the slavery debate. As a result, a package of legislation was passed to help determine the legality of slavery in the new territories and make legislative concessions to each side to postpone a civil war.

Question 59

The California Gold Rush resulted in all of the following EXCEPT:

a
San Francisco growing from a small outpost to a major center of American commerce.

b
the American economy experiencing rapid inflation due to the influx of gold.

c
Native Americans in California losing much of the land on which they lived and hunted.

d
Congress accelerating the process to admit the state of California to the Union.

Answer 59

Option b is the correct answer.
Explanation:
The amount of gold overall was not enough in itself to cause a major change in the national economy. It helped feed the money supply at a time of overall rapid growth and was just one of many factors that allowed America to become an industrial powerhouse.

Question 60

Which U.S. President oversaw Reconstruction?

a
Andrew Jackson

b
Abraham Lincoln

c
Thaddeus Stephens

d
Andrew Johnson

Answer 60

Option d is the correct answer.
Explanation:
Johnson oversaw Reconstruction. He was seen as sympathetic to the South and his involvement led to a great deal of conflict with Northern congressmen.

Question 61

Which of the following prompted the introduction of The Fugitive Slave Act?

a
northern states choosing to abolish slavery

b
the success of the Underground Railroad

c
The Emancipation Proclamation

d
The Missouri Compromise

Answer 61

Option b is the correct answer.
Explanation:
The Underground Railroad was successfully freeing enslaved people and helping them escape to states in which slavery was illegal. The Fugitive Slave Act legally required all American citizens to return enslaved people to their owners and made aiding them in their escape illegal even in free states. This was part of the Compromise of 1850 as a boon to slave states.

Question 62

Which of the following best describes the significance of the Battle of Appomattox Court House during the Civil War?

a
It signaled the end of the Civil War

b
It began Sherman’s March to the Sea.

c
It is seen as the turning point that ultimately led to Union victory in the Civil War.

d
It was the first major land battle of the Civil War.

Answer 62

Option a is the correct answer.
Explanation:
General Lee surrendered to General Grant following the Battle of Appomattox Court House in Virginia in April 1865. This led to a succession of surrenders across the South, eventually ending the Civil War and resulting in a victory for the North.

Question 63

Which of the following battles resulted in the surrender of Lee’s Army of Northern Virginia and the subsequent end of the Civil War?

a
Fort Sumter

b
Appomattox Courthouse

c
Gettysburg

d
Chancellorsville

Answer 63

b
Appomattox Courthouse

Option b is the correct answer.
Explanation:
The Battle of Appomattox Courthouse signaled the end of Lee’s Army and with it the major fighting force supporting the Confederacy, which was defeated soon after.

Question 64

Before the start of the U.S. Civil War, tensions built between abolitionists and pro-slavery southerners due to polarizing social and political events such as the Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854, the popularity of Uncle Tom’s Cabin by Harriet Beacher Stowe and:

a
the Tulsa race massacre.

b
Sherman’s “March to the Sea.”

c
the assassination of President Lincoln.

d
John Brown’s raid on Harper’s Ferry.

Answer 64

d
John Brown’s raid on Harper’s Ferry.

Option d is the correct answer.
Explanation:
One of the most controversial abolitionist activists, John Brown, led an attempted slave rebellion in which he arranged to arm enslaved and recently escaped people using weapons they would seize from Harper’s Ferry. The rebellion failed and Brown and others were later executed; however, his actions and their consequences emboldened others. John Brown’s raid on Harper’s Ferry is considered a key event leading to the US Civil War.

Question 65

Many immigrants arrived in the United States in the early 19th century to take advantage of which of the following?

a
low income tax rates

b
high levels of available land

c
religious freedom

d
economic opportunities in major cities

Answer 65

correct
Option b is the correct answer.
Explanation:
Many immigrants came to take advantage of the liberal policies and high levels of available land for farming and raising livestock.

Question 66

Which of the following are not true of the Freedman’s Bureau?

Select all answers that apply.

a
It was part of the Reconstruction effort that was dismantled by Democrats elected to Congress in the years following the Civil War.

b
In 1965 it was renamed the US Department of Housing and Urban Development.

c
Its widespread success significantly contributed to the overall success of Reconstruction following the Civil War.

d
It established the “forty acres and a mule” program to help formerly enslaved people gain capital and independence in the wake of slavery.

Answer 66

b
In 1965 it was renamed the US Department of Housing and Urban Development.

Option b is the correct answer.
Explanation:
The Freedman’s Bureau was dismantled in the 1870s. It did not become the Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) which was established in 1965.

c
Its widespread success significantly contributed to the overall success of Reconstruction following the Civil War.

Option c is the correct answer.
Explanation:
Not only was the rate of success for the Freedman’s Bureau fairly mixed but Reconstruction itself is also considered to have been a failure due, in part, to the efforts of formerly Confederate lawmakers who were elected in the years and decades following the Civil War.

Question 67

Which of the following industries was most responsible for the economic success of the New England colonies?

a
agriculture

b
financial industries

c
shipbuilding

d
publishing

Answer 67

shipbuilding

Option c is the correct answer.
Explanation:
Much of the commerce of New England relied on ocean traffic between Europe, and ship building was a major industry in the colonies.

Question 68

Which of the following is true of the Maya civilization?

a
At its height, it spanned almost the entire west coast of South America.

b
It aggressively conquered other groups and became the largest empire in the Western Hemisphere prior to the Spanish invasion.

c
Its golden age occurred centuries before the Spanish conquest of the region.

d
It was in a period of expansion that was ended by the Spanish conquest of the region.

Answer 68

Option c is the correct answer.
Explanation:
For unknown reasons, the Maya civilization was already in significant decline prior to the Spanish conquest. The Spanish were able to easily conquer the struggling Maya city-states.

Question 69

In 1767, colonists organized boycotts and established the first non-importation agreement to reduce British tax revenue in response to which of the following?

a
the Tea Act

b
the Intolerable Acts

c
the Townshend Acts

d
the Stamp Act

Answer 69

Option c is the correct answer.
Explanation:
The Townshend Acts of 1767 ​​placed new taxes on imported items such as paper, glass, tea, lead, and paints. The colonists responded with widespread protests throughout the colonies, including the organization of boycotts and the first non-importation agreement aimed at reducing the revenues Britain earned from the colonies. In response, Parliament repealed all of the taxes except the one on tea.

Question 70

Which of the following events caused the British government to pass the Intolerable Acts (or, as they were known in Great Britain, the Coercive Acts)?

a
the Boston Massacre

b
the publishing of Common Sense by Thomas Paine

c
the first shots fired at Lexington and Concord

d
the Boston Tea Party

Answer 70

the Boston Tea Party

Option d is the correct answer.
Explanation:
In response to the Tea Act of 1773, colonists protested the new tax by throwing British tea into Boston Harbor. This was known as the Boston Tea Party. In response, the British parliament passed the Coercive Acts to attempt to regain control of the colonists and discourage further protest.

Question 71

Which of the following elements of colonial American history would come first on a timeline?

a
Bacon’s Rebellion

b
the British acquisition of New York from the Dutch

c
the formation of the House of Burgesses

d
The French and Indian War

Answer 71

c
the formation of the House of Burgesses

Option c is the correct answer.
Explanation:
The House of Burgesses was a representative governing body in Virginia and was established in 1619. Virginia was the first of the 13 British colonies to be established in the Americas and the House of Burgesses was its governing body from 1619 until it was dissolved as part of the prelude to the American Revolution.

Question 72

Which of the following was a power delegated to the federal government by the Articles of Confederation?

a
establish courts

b
create treaties

c
levy taxes

d
raise an army

Answer 72

correct
Option b is the correct answer.
Explanation:
With the Articles of Confederation, the power of the federal government was severely limited. One of the powers granted to the federal government was to create treaties.

Question 73

What was the colonists’ response to the Intolerable Acts?

a
the meeting of the First Continental Congress

b
the establishment of the Sons of Liberty

c
the writing of the Declaration of Independence

d
the Boston Tea Party

Answer 73

correct
Option a is the correct answer.
Explanation:
The First Continental Congress was formed in response to the Intolerable acts.

Question 74

The Proclamation of 1763 restricted British colonists from:

a
importing goods from countries other than Britain.

b
participating in armed conflict with Native Americans.

c
trading with French fur trappers.

d
settling west of the Appalachian Mountains.

Answer 74

correct
Option d is the correct answer.
Explanation:
The Proclamation of 1763 was issued by King George and stated that the colonists would not be allowed to settle the land to the west of the Appalachian Mountains. Colonists were upset because they were eager to settle the Ohio River Valley, which was part of the land addressed in the proclamation.

Question 75

Which of the following parts of government is directly elected?

a
The cabinet

b
The Supreme Court

c
The House of Representatives

d
The president

Answer 75

c
The House of Representatives

Option c is the correct answer.
Explanation:
Members of the House of Representatives are up for election every two years.

Question 76

The Articles of Confederation lacked which of the following major provisions, which led to their eventual replacement?

a
a process for collecting taxes

b
a recognition of states’ rights

c
a designation of who would conduct international diplomacy

d
a central government that held supremacy over the states

Answer 76

Option d is the correct answer.
Explanation:
The Articles of Confederation instituted a weak central government beholden to the states, while the US Constitution established a strong central government with supremacy over the states.

Question 77

Which of the following describes one of the reasons the Articles of Confederation proved unsuccessful following the revolutionary war?

a
The federal government was prevented from collecting taxes.

b
The federal government was prevented from printing money.

c
The federal government was prevented from adding new states.

d
The federal government was prevented from declaring war.

Answer 77

correct
Option a is the correct answer.
Explanation:
The Articles of Confederation prevented the federal government from collecting taxes. This was one of the reasons the Articles of Confederation was not a successful governing system.