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AANP > Urology & STI > Flashcards

Urology & STI Flashcards

1
Q

asymptomatic bacteriuria

A

screen and treat: all pregnant women

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1
Q

most common UTI bacteria

A

e. coli

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2
Q

Uncomplicated UTI definition

A

cystitis/bladder infection/UTI
low risk pt
no systemic symptoms

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3
Q

complicated uti definition

A

lower or upper (kidneys)
high risk pt
systemic symptoms

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4
Q

UTI Symptoms

A

dysuria
urgency
frequency
incomplete emptying sensation
suprapubic/back pain
gross hematuria
foul smelling urine

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5
Q

midstream urine culture infection definition

A

midstream- >100,000 organisms
catheter- >1,000 organisms

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6
Q

Nitrites in urine

A

infection

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7
Q

nitrates in urine

A

normal in urine

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8
Q

leukocyte esterase in urine

A

usually indicates UTI
tests for enzyme produced by WBCs

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9
Q

first line treatment for UTI

A

nitrofurantoin

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10
Q

uncomplicated uti treatment

A

nitrofurantoin x3-6 days

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11
Q

dysuria treatment with UTI

A

antispasmodic (phenazopyridine or flavoxate)

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12
Q

complicated uti symptoms in older adults

A

fever
fatigue
falls
flaky

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13
Q

complicated uti treatment length

A

treat 7-14 days

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14
Q

UA with WBC cast indicates

A

pyelonephritis

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15
Q

outpt pyelonephritis tx

A

5-14 days (f/u 48 hours)
fluoroquinolones are preferred

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16
Q

urinary incontinence lifestyle treatment

A

etoh
carbonation
coffee/tea
citrus
artificial sweetener

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17
Q

urinary incontinence behavioral therapy

A

weight loss
regular voiding
pelvic floor exercise
minimize fluids

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18
Q

Gonorrhea treatment

A

ceftriaxone

19
Q

chlamydia treatment

A

doxycycline

20
Q

trichomoniasis treatment

A

metronidazole

21
Q

PID outpatient treatment

A

ceftriaxone in single dose PLUS
doxycycline x14 days PLUS
metronidazole x14 days

22
Q

HIV screening

A

routine screening all ages 13-64
all pregnant women
if TB, STI

23
Q

never give these to HIV infected adults

A

live/attenuated vaccines

24
Q

BV is

A

sexually associated, not sexually transmitted

25
Q

BV

A

Asymptomatic in about 50% of women
* Profuse grayish-white malodorous vaginal discharge
* Unpleasant, fishy, or musty vaginal odor
* Increased odor after intercourse
* Pruritus and burning of vulvovaginal area

26
Q

Amsel’s criteria for BV diagnosis requires 3 of the following signs and systems:

A

 Homogenous white discharge coating vulva/vagina
 Vaginal pH of >4.7
 Fishy odor of vaginal discharge before or after addition of KOH (“whiff test”)
 Clue cells on microscopic exam, 1 or more epithelial cells coated with bacteria, obscuring borders

27
Q

BV treatment

A

metronidazole x 7 days
NO etoh until 24h after last dose

28
Q

Chlamydia symptoms

A

Assessment Findings
* Mucopurulent cervicitis
* Edematous, congested, friable cervix
* Vaginal discharge
* Cervical motion tenderness
* Dysuria/urethritis
* Salpingitis
* Proctitis, epididymitis
* Abnormal vaginal bleeding

29
Q

Gonorrhea symptoms men

A

Purulent urethral discharge
 Dysuria
 Testicular pain
 Asymptomatic

30
Q

gonorrhea symptoms- females

A

 Often asymptomatic
 Endocervical discharge
 Dysuria
 Bartholin’s gland abscess
 Abnormal vaginal bleeding
 Abdominal/pelvic pain
 Adnexal tenderness
 Cervical motion tenderness

31
Q

PID criteria

A

 Lower abdominal pain and/or tenderness
 Cervical motion tenderness, +/- mucopus
 Adnexal tenderness

32
Q

trichomoniasis symptoms- female

A

 Asymptomatic (sometimes for decades)
 Vaginal discharge: frothy, yellow-green (often variable)
 Vulvar irritation
 Dysuria
 Cervical petechiae = “strawberry cervix”

33
Q

trichomoniasis symptoms male

A

 Asymptomatic
 Urethral discharge
 Dysuria
 Epididymitis
 Prostatitis

34
Q

trichomoniasis tx

A

metronidazole

35
Q

primary syphilis

A

 Chancre at site of inoculation begins as papule, then ulcerates with hard edge and clean, yellow base;
indurated and painless; usually on genitalia; solitary or multiple; persists for 1-5 weeks, heals
spontaneously
 Chancre may go unnoticed in women
 Regional lymphadenopathy

36
Q

secondary syphilis

A

 Rash that is bilaterally symmetrical, polymorphic, nonpruritic, frequently on soles and palms, and usually
persists for 2-6 weeks, then spontaneously resolves
 Condyloma lata: moist, pink, peripheral warty lesions present on glans, perianal, vulval areas, and
intertriginous areas

37
Q

syphilis screening test

A

EIA, CIA
then reflex rpr/vdrl testing

38
Q

syphilis tx

A

benzathine PCN

39
Q

asymptomatic bacteruria could precipitate this in pregnancy

A

pre term labor

40
Q

sti increases risk for acquiring hiv if exposed

A

HSV 2

41
Q

indications for herpes testing

A

if sti
<10 partners
hiv +
genital lesion

42
Q

initial hiv testing should be

A

ELISA

43
Q

sti increasing esp in women

A

syphilis

44
Q

EIA, CIA used to screen for

A

syphilis

45
Q

most frequent sti in america

A

chlamydia

46
Q

sti associated with positive chandelier test

A

PID

AANP (18 decks)

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