Antibiotics Flashcards
4 gram positive bugs
staphylococcus
streptococcus
enterococcus
c. diff
staphylococcus typically found
on skin
gram positive
streptococcus typically found
throat, lungs
mucus membranes
gram positive
enterococcus typically found
urinary tract
gram positive
Never given cephalosporin if PCN reaction was
anaphylaxis
hives
give cephalosporin if PCN reaction was
morbilliform rash
morbilliform rash
macular or maculopapular, lesions fixed, area expands over several days- everywhere!
more prevalent in children
NOT miserable
T cell mediated
Penicillin treats
gram positive organisms
NOT staph
sulfonamides
TMP-SMX (Bactrim)
Treats: gram negative organisms
tetracyclines
doxycycline, minocycline, vibramycin
tx: gram negative organism
cephalosporin 1st gen
treat gram positive
cephalexin,
cefadroxil
cephalosporin 2nd generation
cefuroxime,
cefaclor,
cefprozil
treats gram positive and negative
cephalosporin 3rd generation
treats weak gram positive, negative, beta lactamase
ceftibuten
cefixime
cephalosporin extended spectrum 3rd generation
ceftriaxone
cefdinir
cefpodoxime
cefditoren
tx: gram positive & negative
macrolides
azithromycin, clarithromycin
tx: atypical pathogens
monitor drug interactions
fluoroquinolone 2nd gen
ciprofloxacin
below the belt
tx gram negative, atypical pathogen
respiratory fluoroquinolone 3rd gen
levofloxacin
tx: gram positive, negative, atypical pathogen, DRSP, aerobes, anaerobes
“idiots antibiotic”- give to those who can’t afford tx failure
Resp fluoroquinolones 4th gen
moxifloxacin
gemifloxacin
delfloxacin
tx: gram positive, gram negative (above the belt), atypical pathogens, DRSP
Nitrofurantoin
macrobid
tx bladder pathogens only (e. coli)
glycopeptide
vancomycin
tx: gram positive, anaerobes
peds doss pcn
90mg/kg/day
adult dose pcn
1000mg tid
